焊接缺陷对铝合金板架疲劳寿命影响的试验分析  

Test analysis on influence of welding defects on fatigue life of aluminum alloy plate frames

作　　者：缪素菲 刘敬喜[1] 刘元丹 王秀兰 Miao Sufei;Liu Jingxi;Liu Yuandan;Wang Xiulan(School of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China;CSSC Huangpu Wenchong Shipbuilding Co.,Ltd,Guangzhou 510715,China;Hudong-Zhonghua Shipbuilding(Group)Co.,Ltd,Shanghai 200129,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学船舶与海洋工程学院,湖北武汉430074 [2]中船黄埔文冲船舶有限公司,广东广州510715 [3]沪东中华造船(集团)有限公司,上海200129

出　　处：《中国舰船研究》2019年第1期95-101,共7页Chinese Journal of Ship Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51579110);工信部高技术船舶科研资助项目(2069F1130007)

摘　　要：[目的]为研究焊接缺陷对铝合金板架结构疲劳寿命的影响,[方法]首先,利用X射线对2种节点形式的铝合金板架试件焊缝部位进行拍照,筛选出含与不含焊接缺陷的铝合金板架,并通过对X射线图像的分析得到铝合金焊接缺陷的主要类型;然后,在不同载荷作用下,对含与不含焊接缺陷的2种铝合金板架试件开展疲劳试验,以获得铝合金板架的疲劳寿命;最后,运用ABQUAS软件建立含3种焊接缺陷的板架试件的局部仿真模型,分析和揭示含焊接缺陷板架结构失效产生的机理。[结果]试验结果表明:含焊接缺陷的试件失效是由于焊缝端部缺陷处出现裂纹,扩展后导致纵骨腹板发生断裂;而不含焊接缺陷的试件失效与节点形式有关,均是在循环载荷作用下纵骨面板失效产生疲劳裂纹,扩展到腹板后导致纵骨发生断裂。[结论]研究成果可为铝合金焊接结构的疲劳寿命评估及焊接缺陷对疲劳寿命的影响提供参考。[Objectives]This paper aims to study the influence of welding defects on fatigue life of aluminum alloy plate frame.[Methods]Firstly,use X-ray to detect the welds of the test aluminum alloy plate frames with two gusset joints,and then select two plate frames with and without welding defects respectively.Then obtain main types of the welding defects through the analysis on the X-ray images.Then,carry out fatigue tests for these two plate frames with and without welding defects under different loads,so as to obtain the fatigue life of the plate frames.Finally,establish local FE models for the test plate frames with three types of welding defects by using ABAQUS software,and analyze and reveal the failure mechanism of the plate frames with welding defects.[Results]The test results show that,the failure of the test plate frame with welding defects is caused by the fracture on the longitudinal web due to the extension of the crack in the welding defect at the end of the weld;the failure of the test plate frame without welding defects,which is related to the gusset joint,is caused by the fracture on the longitudinal web due to the extension of the fatigue crack generated under the cyclic loads on the longitudinal web.[Conclusions]This study results can provide a reference for the assessment of the fatigue life and for the influence of the welding defects on the fatigue life.

关 键 词：铝合金板架 焊接缺陷 疲劳试验 断裂 X射线探伤 

分 类 号：U661.4[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]