丁醇的生物炼制及研究进展  

Biorefinery and research progress of butanol production

作　　者：肖敏 吴又多[1] 薛闯[1] XIAO Min;WU Youduo;XUE Chuang(School of Life Science and Biotechnology,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China)

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学生命科学与技术学院,辽宁大连116024

出　　处：《生物加工过程》2019年第1期60-71,共12页Chinese Journal of Bioprocess Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21576045;21878035);辽宁省高等学校创新人才支持计划(LR2017005);大连市青年科技之星(2017RQ003);大连市科技创新基金(2018J12SN074);大连理工大学优秀青年人才科研专项(DUT16YQ103);大连理工大学"星海学者"人才培育计划

摘　　要：丁醇因其优越的燃烧性能成为目前最具研发前景的生物燃料之一,它通常以可再生资源为原料,经丙酮-丁醇-乙醇(ABE)发酵获得。尽管ABE发酵曾是最古老的大规模发酵工艺之一,但由于原料成本高,发酵液中丁醇浓度低以及较高浓度的丙酮、乙醇和有机酸等副产物积累等问题,导致丁醇的生物炼制仍然不具有经济竞争力。本文中,笔者从原料选择、原料预处理、纤维素酶酶解和丁醇发酵4个方面介绍丁醇生物炼制的基本流程以及相关研究,以进一步分析丁醇生产的主要瓶颈,并从生产菌株改造和丁醇分离2个方面总结近年来的相关研究进展。最后,讨论了未来丁醇生产研究的重点并指出菌株改造的方向。Butanol is regarded as one of the most promising biofuels due to its superior properties.Butanol is typically produced by acetone-butanol-ethanol(ABE)fermentation from renewable resources.Although ABE fermentation is one of the oldest large-scale fermentative processes,biorefining of butanol is limited to high cost of raw materials,low butanol production and yield,as well as considerable by-products of acetone,ethanol and acids,making ABE fermentation not economically competitive.This paper reviews the biorefinery route of butanol,including feedstocks selection,feedstocks pretreatments,enzyme hydrolysis and butanol fermentation.The article further analyzes the main bottlenecks in butanol production and summarizes the latest progress on the strain engineering and butanol recovery in recent years.At last,the review emphasizes on the perspective of butanol production as well as research direction of strain engineering.

关 键 词：生物丁醇 预处理 丙酮丁醇乙醇发酵 菌株改造 丁醇分离 生物能源 

分 类 号：TQ223.122[化学工程—有机化工] TQ920.6[轻工技术与工程—发酵工程]