干旱风沙区立地条件、季节变化对柠条灌丛“虫岛”效应的影响  

Comparison of‘Arthropod Island'Acted by Caragana Shrub Canopy Under Different Microsite Conditions Across Seasonal Changes in Desertified Region

作　　者：郗伟华 刘任涛[1,2] 刘佳楠[2] 赵娟[2] 常海涛 罗雅曦 张静[2] 马继 XI Weihua;LIU Rentao;LIU Jia′nan;ZHAO Juan;CHANG Haitao;LUO Yaxi;ZHANG Jing;MA Ji(School of Life Science,Shanxi Normal University,Linfen,Shanxi 041004,China;Breeding Base for State Key Laboratory of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration in Northwestern China,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]山西师范大学生命科学学院,山西临汾041004 [2]宁夏大学西北土地退化与生态恢复国家重点实验室培育基地,银川750021

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2018年第2期162-169,共8页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：宁夏自然科学基金"路域建设对脆弱荒漠草原生物多样性的影响及生态效应评价"(NZ15025)

摘　　要：为了深入了解沙区柠条灌丛对土壤动物时空分布的影响规律,在宁夏盐池沙地依据土壤立地条件选择柠条(Caragana korshinskii)灌丛林地为研究对象,于春、夏和秋季,采用相对相互作用强度指数(RⅡ)比较分析了不同立地条件下3个季节沙地灌丛"虫岛"效应分布特征,旨在为沙地生境人工林建设与管理、沙漠化防治和退化生态系统恢复提供依据。结果表明:(1)两种土壤立地条件柠条林地的地面节肢动物群落相似性指数随着季节更替而逐渐增加,达到中等相似水平。并且3个季节2种立地条件生境中,只有11个节肢动物类群表现出了"虫岛"特征。随着立地条件和季节变化,不同节肢动物类群表现出了相似或相反的灌丛"虫岛"分布特征;(2)只在夏季,步甲科类群表现为无沙覆盖柠条林地RⅡ值显著高于有沙覆盖柠条林地(p<0.05)。随着立地条件和季节变化,拟步甲科和蚁科类群RⅡ值分布呈现出作用方向的差异性;(3)只有夏季且只有节肢动物个体数的RⅡ值表现为无沙覆盖柠条林地显著高于有沙覆盖林地(p<0.05),并且节肢动物个体数RⅡ值春季和秋季间表现为正负相反作用方向。不同立地条件节肢动物丰富度RⅡ值作用方向受到季节变化的调控,而Shannon指数和优势度指数的RⅡ值作用方向不受立地条件和季节变化的影响。研究表明,立地条件对基于节肢动物个体数的灌丛"虫岛"效应分布影响较大,并受季节变化的调控。基于节肢动物丰富度的灌丛"虫岛"效应分布主要受到季节变化影响,而受立地条件的影响较小。柠条灌丛对地面节肢动物多样性分布呈现正向性作用,受季节变化和立地条件的影响较小。In order to probe into the spatiotemporal effect of shrub canopy on the distribution of soil faunal community diversity,a field investigation on ground-active arthropod by the pitfall trapping method was undertaken between Caragana Shrub microhabitats under different microsite conditions in desertified region in spring,summer and autumn.The relative interaction intensity(RⅡ)was used to examine the‘arthropod island’acted by shrub canopy under two microsite conditions with/without sand cover across seasonal changes.It was found that:(1)the Sorenson index between two microsite conditions increased across seasonal changes;Tenebrionidae was the dominant group which was not affected by the microsite conditions and seasonality;along with microsite condition and seasonal changes,the similar and/or reversing distribution of‘arthropod island’acted by shrub canopy was found in the ground-active arthropods;(2)it was found that there was significantly(p<0.05)greater RⅡvalue regarding Carabidae in the microsite without sand cover relative to that with sand cover only in summer season;whereas the RⅡvalues regarding Tenebrionidae and Formicidae were found to follow a reverse pattern between microsite conditions across seasonal changes;(3)it was found that the RⅡvalue regarding total abundance was significantlygreater in the microsite without sand cover relative to that with sand cover only in summer(p<0.05),whereas it was followed a reverse pattern between the spring and autumn seasons;it was found that the RⅡvalues regarding group richness in each microsite conditions were regulated by the seasonal changes;however,the RⅡvalues regarding group richness were found to be little affected by the microsite conditions and seasonal changes.It was conclude that the‘arthropod island’regarding arthropod abundances was remarkably affected by the microsite conditions and seasonality.The‘arthropod island’regarding group richness was much affected by the seasonality and little by microsite conditions.It was suggest

关 键 词：“虫岛” 灌丛 干旱风沙区 立地条件 季节变化 

分 类 号：Q145[生物学—生态学] X826[生物学—普通生物学]