耕地保护对生态系统水源涵养功能的影响——以武汉市为例  

Impacts of Cultivated Land Protection on Water Retention Function of Ecosystem——A Case Study in Wuhan

作　　者：柯新利 普鹍鹏 杨柏寒 郑伟伟 KE Xinli;PU Kunpeng;YANG Bohan;ZHENG Weiwei(College of Public Administration,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学公共管理学院,武汉430070

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2018年第1期391-396,402,共7页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家社会科学基金"基于生产力总量平衡的耕地区域布局优化及补偿机制研究"(13CGL092);国家自然科学基金"城镇用地扩张与耕地功能演变的时空耦合机理研究--以武汉市为例"(41371113);国家自然科学基金"城市群城镇用地扩张多尺度耦合机理研究"(41101098);教育部人文社会科学研究青年资助项目"基于布局优化的耕地保护区域补偿机制研究"(13YJC630136)

摘　　要：耕地保护是我国粮食安全的根本保障。然而,在快速城市化背景下,耕地保护导致生态用地加速流失造成对生态系统服务功能的影响往往被忽略。以武汉市为例,采用模型模拟的方法,利用基于元胞自动机的土地利用变化模型——LANDSCAPE模型设定严格、适度耕地保护情景,进而基于InVEST模型定量评估耕地保护对生态系统水源涵养功能的影响,为科学认识耕地保护政策的实施对生态系统服务功能的影响提供新的视角。结果表明:(1)严格、适度耕地保护情景下武汉市2020年生态系统水源涵养功能存在显著差异。相较于适度耕地保护情景,严格耕地保护情景下,位于武汉市东北地区的低水源涵养区分布范围明显增多,高水源涵养区分布明显较少;(2)在水源涵养总量方面,严格耕地保护情景下的水源涵养总量为4.33×10~8 m^3,适度耕地保护情景下的水源涵养量为4.58×10~8m^3,两者差异显著。(3)严格、适度耕地保护情景中草地、林地、水体等生态用地的水源涵养总量分别为1.06×10~8m^3,1.27×10~8 m^3。其中林地水源涵养量最高,水体、草地次之。Cultivated land protection policy is the fundamental guarantee of food security in China.However,under the background of rapid urbanization,the impact of cultivated land protection on ecosystem services through the way of ecological land occupation is often neglected.We take Wuhan City as an example,the impact of cultivated land protection on water retention function of ecosystem is evaluated by model simulation method.LANDSCAPE,a land use optimization model based on cellular automata model,is used to set up the scenarios of strict cultivated land protection and moderate cultivated land protection,respectively.The land use/land cover scenarios are simulated in 2020,and the InVEST model of ecosystem service function evaluation is compared about water conservation function of the spatial pattern and quantitative assessment in Wuhan under different scenarios,which provides the basis for scientifically understanding the effect of cultivated land protection policy.It concludes that,first,there is a significant spatial difference of water retention function of Wuhan in 2020 under the condition of strict cultivated land protection and moderate cultivated land protection.Under the situation of strict cultivated land protection,the distribution range of low water retention area in northeastern part of Wuhan is much more than that of the moderate cultivated land policy,however,the distribution of high water retention area in the strict cultivated land protection situation is less;second,the total amount of water retention under the protection of strict cultivated land is 4.33×10^8 m^3,and 4.58×10^8 m^3 in the moderate cultivated land,there is a significant difference;third,the water retention amounts of the ecological lands are 1.06×10^8 m^3 and 1.27×10^8 m^3 in the scenario of strict cultivated land protection and moderate cultivated land protection,respectively.The water retention amount of forest land is the highest,followed by wetland and grassland.

关 键 词：耕地保护 武汉 水源涵养 LANDSCAPE模型 InVEST模型 

分 类 号：S727.21[农业科学—林木遗传育种]