基于人机交互的地形复杂区小流域划分研究——以湖北省为例  

Small Watersheds Division in Complex Terrain Region Based on Human-machine Interaction——Taking Hubei Province as an Example

作　　者：韩培[1,2] 王志刚 高超[3] 张平仓 任洪玉[1,2] 董林垚[1,2] HAN Pei;WANG Zhigang;GAO Chao;ZHANG Pingcang;Ren Hongyu;Dong Linyao(Soil and Water Conservation Department,Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute of Changjiang Water Resources Commission,Wuhan,Hubei 430010,China;Mountain Flood Geological Disaster Prevention Engineering Technology Research Center of Ministry of Water Resources,Wuhan,Hubei 430010,China;Soil and Water Conservation Monitoring Center of Hubei Province,Wuhan,Hubei 430071,China)

机构地区：[1]长江水利委员会长江科学院水土保持研究所,湖北武汉430010 [2]水利部山洪地质灾害防治工程技术研究中心,湖北武汉430010 [3]湖北省水土保持监测中心,湖北武汉430071

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2018年第6期182-186,共5页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目"喀斯特槽谷区土壤地上/下流/漏失过程与保护技术研发及示范"(2016YFC050230305);国家重点研发计划项目"山洪灾害监测预警关键技术与集成示范"(2017YFC1502506);武汉市水务局项目"武汉市水土保持遥感普查"(CKSK2016876/TB);湖北省水利厅项目"湖北省水土流失普查成果遥感复核"(CKSK2015592/TB)

摘　　要：[目的]对地形复杂区小流域划分方法进行研究,为区域生态小流域建设、规划等提供基础数据。[方法]以湖北省为例,其地形涵盖山地、丘陵和平原,且多河流、湖泊分布。首先基于DEM自动提取全省小流域,然后辅助沟道、遥感影像、居民点数据人工修正山区小流域,在平原区采用高精度水系替代常规沟道进行人工修正,并对适宜集流阈值、小流域面积频率、精度以及河网密度进行分析。[结果]湖北省共划分小流域5 806条,面积在30～50km2的占60%,且划分精度高;面积小于20km2划分精度低,在平原区分布密集;总体上,山区小流域的划分精度高于平原区,但其小流域平均河网密度低于平原区。[结论]对任何地形进行小流域划分,都必须使用人机交互修正,才能获得较好的结果;平原区小流域自动划分的精度低于山区,需辅助高精度水系资料进行修正才能提高精度。[Objective]The watershed division in complex topography area was conducted in order to provide basic data for regional ecological watershed construction and planning.[Methods]Hubei Province was selected as a case study area,where covers mountainous,hill land,plain,many rivers and lakes.Firstly,small watersheds were extracted automatically by using the ArcGIS base on DEM data.Then,small watersheds in the mountains were merged and revised manually with the assistance of gullies,remote sensing images and residential data.For plains,the conventional gullies were replaced by the high-precision river systems.At last,we analyzed the suitable threshold value,frequency,precision and river network density.[Results]There were 5 806 small watersheds in Hubei Province.The watersheds with areas changed from 30 to 50 km 2 account for 60%of the total number.Watersheds with area small than 20 km 2 had low-precision and dense in plain.In general,the classification accuracy of small watershed in mountainous area was higher than that in plain area,while the average river network density shows the opposite.[Conclusion]The results show the human-machine interaction correction could be used for the small watershed’s division in order to get a better result.The accuracy of automatic division of small watersheds in plain area is lower than that in mountainous area,which needs to be corrected manually with high precision water systems.

关 键 词：人机交互 地形复杂区 小流域划分 城市水土保持 

分 类 号：S157[农业科学—土壤学]