基于时空矩阵方法对福建省海湾水质变化特征分析  

Analysis of water quality change characteristics in bays of Fujian Province based on time-space matrix method

作　　者：王秋璐[1] 许艳[1] 黄海燕[1] 张健[1] 王晓莉[1] 杨璐[1] Wang Qiulu;Xu Yan;Huang Haiyan;Zhang Jian;Wang Xiaoli;Yang Lu(National Marine Data and Information Service,Tianjin 300171,China)

机构地区：[1]国家海洋信息中心,天津300171

出　　处：《海洋学报》2019年第2期134-144,共11页

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目"海洋环境变化关键参数观测数据处理方法和产品研制"(2017YFA0603200)

摘　　要：基于2005—2011年8月和2012—2015年5月、8月的水质监测数据,应用水质指标的主成分分析结果,对福建省海湾划分环境单元,通过时空矩阵方法对福建省海湾水质指标变化特征进行了分析。结果显示:(1)通过主成分分析,4个水质指标聚成两类成分,磷酸盐和叶绿素a聚为一类主成分,硝酸盐和溶解氧聚为另一类主成分;(2)以主成分权重值为坐标,划分福建省海湾表层水体为6个环境单元,以此建立水质指标相对含量的时间序列组合矩阵,对福建省海湾水质指标变化分析;(3)水质指标时空矩阵表现出一定的周期性变化趋势,环境单元的指标变化模式具有同步性,指标含量变化的绝对值从叶绿素a到营养盐再到溶解氧呈轻微增长;(4)两类主成分具有一定相关性,营养水平高低影响营养-浮游植物动态关系,当磷酸盐含量高于0.03 mg/L、硝酸盐含量高于0.25 mg/L,且营养盐时间周期变化显著时,叶绿素a时间周期变化与营养盐发生同步联动效应;(5)夏季福建省海湾水体生产力较低,大量陆源有机物输入、降解耗氧,表层溶解氧含量降低明显;(6)福建省海湾主要受两种性质差异很大的水体影响,富含高营养盐径流水团影响了河口及邻近海域的环境单元,而福建省南部海湾主要受台湾暖流及上升流影响,台湾暖流是东海海域磷酸盐的重要来源。Based on the water environment monitoring data in August,2005-2011 and in May,August,2012-2015,principal component analysis result of water quality index is applied to divide the environmental units in the bays of Fujian Province,then characteristics of bays of Fujian Province water quality are analyzed by the time-space matrix method.The results show that,(1)through principal component analysis,four water quality indexes are clustered into 2 types of components:Phosphate and chlorophyll a are clustered into one principal component,and nitrate and dissolved oxygen are clustered into another principal component;(2)the weight value as the coordinates,the surface water of bays of Fujian Province is divided into six environment units,and the time series matrix of relative content of water quality index is established in order to analyze water quality condition on bays of Fujian Province;(3)the time-space matrix of water quality index shows the certain cycle trend;index changing pattern of adjacent environment unit is synchronous;the absolute value of index change content increases slightly from chlorophyll a to nutrient salt to dissolved oxygen;(4)two principal components have a certain correlation,nutrition level influence nutrient-phytoplankton dynamics,when the phosphate content is higher than 0.03 mg/L,the nitrate content is higher than 0.25 mg/L and the nutrient cycle time changes significantly,a linkage effect on the comparative changes of nutrient and chlorophyll a;(5)the water productivity of bays of Fujian Province is low in summer,at the same time,a large amount of organic matter is inputted and degraded,the content of dissolved oxygen in surface layer decreases obviously;(6)the water environmental condition in bays of Fujian Province is influenced by two different kinds of water bodies,one is the river runoff enriched in high nutrient,which affect the environmental units of the estuaries and adjacent sea areas;the southern bays of Fujian Province is mainly affected by the Taiwan warm current and upwelling,

关 键 词：时空矩阵 环境单元 主成分分析 福建省海湾 水质指标 特征分析 

分 类 号：P734[天文地球—海洋化学]