青海高原197份小麦品种(系)及种质资源抗条锈分子鉴定  

Molecular Identification of Resistance to Strip Rust in 197 Wheat Cultivars(Lines) and Germplasm Resources from Qinghai Plateau

作　　者：袁飞敏 权有娟 刘德梅[1,3] 陈志国[1,3] YUAN Fei-min;QUAN You-juan;LIU De-mei;CHEN Zhi-guo(Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qinghai Xining 810008, China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, China Academy of Sciences, Qinghai Xining 810008, China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西北高原生物研究所,青海西宁810008 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]中国科学院高原生物适应与进化重点实验室,青海西宁810008

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2019年第1期1-13,共13页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类)子课题任务"高产优质小麦新品种分子设计与培育--西北高产抗病分子设计育种"(XDA08030106-2);青海省作物分子育种重点实验室

摘　　要：【目的】通过鉴定青海省近年来春小麦主栽品种、后备品种及高代育种材料对我国当前条锈流行小种的抗性水平、检测其可能携带的抗病基因,为培育春小麦抗条锈病新品种、开展抗源品种的合理布局及种质利用提供参考。【方法】利用小麦条锈菌CYR29、CYR32和CYR34等流行生理小种苗期温室人工接种,对197份春小麦品种(系)及资源进行抗性鉴定;同时利用抗条锈病基因Yr5、Yr9(1BL/1RS)、Yr10、Yr15、Yr18和Yr26等两侧紧密连锁的标记进行分子检测,并结合系谱推测供试材料可能携带的抗性基因。【结果】苗期对CYR29、CYR32和CYR34小种表现抗性的材料分别有174份(占88. 3%)、86份(占43. 6%)和122份(占61. 9%),对三者均表现抗性的材料有74份(占37. 5%);分子鉴定可能含Yr5、Yr9、Yr10、Yr15、Yr18和Yr26抗性基因的材料分别有21份(占10. 6%)、33份(占16. 7%)、3份(占1. 5%)、28份(占14. 2%)、6份(占3. 0%)和7份(占3. 5%),其中有20份材料可能同时携带2种以上条锈病抗性基因,推测其余未检测出的抗性材料可能含有其它未知抗性基因。【结论】当前青海高原春小麦品种(系)及种质资源条锈病抗性整体水平较低,抗源较为单一;对检测中抗性表现良好的材料应加强与其他抗锈基因材料的聚合,并将其应用到生产中。【Objective】The study aimed to identify the level of resistance of spring wheat main cultivars,candidate cultivars and advancedgeneration breeding resources against the Chinese strip rust current epidemic races,find out the distributions of resistance genes and provide a reference for breeding new varieties of resistance to strip rust,their rational distribution and germplasm selection.【Method】For strip rust resistance identification of 197 spring wheat cultivars and germplasm resources from Qinghai plateau,the prevalent Chinese predominant stripe rust races CYR29,CYR32 and CYR34 at seedling stage in greenhouse were artificially inoculated and screened these cultivars with the closely linked molecular marker of wheat strip rust resistance genes Yr 5,Yr 9(1BL/1 RS),Yr 10,Yr 15,Yr 18 and Yr 26.【Result】174(88.3%),86(43.6%),122(61.9%)had resistance to CYR29,CYR32 and CYR34,respectively,and 74(37.5%)resource indicated resistance to all the three races;Molecular tests showed that Yr5,Yr9,Yr10,Yr15,Yr18 and Yr26 were detected in 21(10.6%),33(16.7%),3(1.5%),28(14.2%),6(3.0%)and 7(3.5%),respectively,of which 20(10.1%)were detected with two or more genes,and there were some unknown resistance genes in other resources.【Conclusion】The resistance level of spring wheat breeding germplasm resources was lower overall,and the resistance of resources was relatively single;The well-behaved genes in the detection should be strengthened with other Yr genes,and these resistance genes should be applied to production practice.

关 键 词：春小麦 小麦条锈病 抗性鉴定 Yr基因 分子检测 

分 类 号：S435.12[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]