连续种植不同绿肥作物耕层的土壤团聚体特征  

Soil Aggregate Characteristics in Topsoil Layer under Continuity Planting Same Green Manure Crop

作　　者：张钦 于恩江[2] 林海波 张爱华 陈正刚[1] 朱青[1] 曹卫东[4] 朱大雁[1] ZHANG Qin;YU En-jiang;LIN Hai-bo;ZHANG Ai-hua;CHEN Zheng-gang;ZHU Qing;CAO Wei-dong;ZHU Da-yan(4.Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;Guizhou University, Guizhou Guiyang 550025, China;Guizhou General Station of Soil and Fertilizer, Guizhou Guiyang 550003, China;Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所/农业资源与环境研究所/农业部贵州耕地保育与农业环境科学观测试验站,贵州贵阳550006 [2]贵州大学,贵州贵阳550025 [3]贵州省土壤肥料工作总站,贵州贵阳550003 [4]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2019年第1期148-153,共6页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：贵州省科学技术基金[黔科合LH字(2014)7702号];贵州省社发攻关项目[黔科合(2016)支撑2837];国家绿肥产业技术体系(CARS-22);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201103005)

摘　　要：【目的】为探明连续种植绿肥对土壤团聚体的影响。【方法】以箭筈豌豆(Vicia sativa L.)、肥田萝卜(Raphanus sativus L.)、蓝花苕子(Vicia cracca L.)、毛叶苕子(Vicia villosa Roth)、光叶苕子(Vicia villosa var.)为对象,研究连续种植不同绿肥对耕层土壤团聚体组成、直径的影响。【结果】连续种植光叶苕子主要提高> 5 mm粒径的机械稳定性团聚体含量、2～0. 25 mm粒径的水稳性团聚体含量,肥田萝卜主要提高5～2 mm粒径的机械稳定性团聚体含量、> 5 mm粒径的水稳性团聚体含量,蓝花苕子和毛叶苕子主要提高2～0. 25 mm粒径的机械稳定性团聚体含量。> 5 mm粒级的土壤水稳性团聚体增加有利于水稳性大团聚体的积累,其中肥田萝卜的土壤水稳性大团聚体含量最高。连续种植肥田萝卜、毛叶苕子有利于耕层土壤平均重量直径、几何平均直径的提升,而光叶苕子降低了土壤团聚体直径。土壤水稳性团聚体含量越高,土壤平均重量直径、几何平均直径越大,土壤结构的团聚度越高。【结论】连续种植绿肥能够提高不同粒径土壤机械稳定性、水稳性团聚体含量,有利于土壤水稳性大聚体(> 0. 25 mm)的形成,对土壤团聚体直径的影响表现不同。【Objective】The study aimed to verify the effect of continuity planting green crops on soil aggregate.【Method】The effect of continuously panting the same green manure crop of Vicia sativa L.,Raphanus sativus L.,Vicia cracca L.,Vicia villosa Roth and Vicia villosa var.on composition and diameter of soil aggregates in topsoil layer was studied by a field experiment.【Result】The continuously planting Vicia villosa var.raises the content of mechanical stability aggregate with >5 mm and water stability aggregate with 2-0.25 mm mainly.The continuously planting Raphanus sativus L.increases the content of mechanical stability aggregate with 5-2 mm and water stability aggregate with >5 mm mainly.The continuously planting Vicia cracca L.and Vicia villosa Roth increases the content of mechanical stability aggregate with 2-0.25 mm mainly.The increase of water stability aggregate with >5 mm is beneficial for accumulation of macro water stability aggregates and the macro water stability aggregate content of in topsoil layer under the soil planting Raphanus sativus L is the highest.The soil mean weight diameter,geometric mean diameter and construction aggregation increase with increase of water stability aggregate content in soil.【Conclusion】The continuously planting green manure crops can increase the content of mechanism stability and water stability aggregates in soil,which is beneficial for formation of soil water stability aggregate with >0.25 mm.Different green manure crop has the different effect on the diameter of soil aggregate.

关 键 词：土壤团聚体 绿肥 组成 直径 耕层 

分 类 号：S142[农业科学—肥料学] S152.4[农业科学—农业基础科学]