我国盐碱土土壤微生物研究及其展望  

Microorganisms research in saline soil of China:Progress and prospects

作　　者：俞冰倩 朱琳[2] 魏巍[1] YU Bingqian;ZHU Lin;WEI Wei(School of Agricultural Equipment and Engineering,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 212013,China;School of Food Bioengineering,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 212013,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏大学农业装备工程学院,江苏镇江212013 [2]江苏大学食品与生物工程学院,江苏镇江212013

出　　处：《土壤与作物》2019年第1期60-69,共10页Soils and Crops

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41503068;31600069;31770543);江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20150496;BK20150497)

摘　　要：盐碱土是我国重要的土地资源,对其开发利用日益备受人们的关注。微生物是盐碱土生态系统的重要组成成员,在盐碱土生态效应、土壤理化性质形成和盐碱土质改良等过程中起着重要作用。文章从盐碱土壤细菌和真菌群落结构分布特征、盐碱土壤微生物新种发掘、盐碱土壤功能微生物及盐碱土改良对土壤微生物群落的影响等4个方面综述了我国盐碱土壤微生物相关研究进展,并展望我国盐碱土壤微生物今后研究需要关注的4个方面,以期为盐碱土壤微生物的生态功能研究和资源挖掘提供参考。Saline-alkali soil is one of the important land resources in China.The development and utilization of saline-alkali soil is increasingly concerned by people.Microorganisms,as one of the most crucial members in the saline-alkali soil ecosystem,plays an important role on the soil ecological traits,the formation of soil physical and chemical properties and the soil improvement.Here,we reviewed the concerning research progress of microorganisms in saline-alkali soil of China from four aspects:the distribution and composition characteristics of bacterial and fungal community,the excavation of new microbial species,the functional microorganisms,and the effects of the improvement of saline-alkali soil on the soil microbial community.We finally prospected the four aspects of future research of the microorganisms in saline-alkali soils,which would provide a reference for the ecological study and resource excavation of the microorganism in saline-alkali soils.

关 键 词：盐碱土 微生物生态特征 群落结构 嗜盐微生物资源 

分 类 号：Q939.96[生物学—微生物学]