减震孔在小间距隧道爆破开挖中的降振效应  

Vibration reduction effect of damping holes in blasting excavation of tunnels with small spacing

作　　者：孙振[1,2] 谢事臻 张宪堂 周红敏[2] 王洪立 王晨 SUN Zhen;XIE Shizhen;ZHANG Xiantang;ZHOU Hongmin;WANG Hongli;WANG Chen(Shandong Key Laboratory of Civil Engineering Disaster Prevention and Mitigation, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266590, China;College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao,Shandong 266590, China;Rizhao Architectural Design Academy Co. Ltd, Rizhao, Shandong 276800, China)

机构地区：[1]山东科技大学山东省土木工程防灾减灾重点实验室,山东青岛266590 [2]山东科技大学土木工程与建筑学院,山东青岛266590 [3]日照市建筑设计研究院有限公司,山东日照276800

出　　处：《山东科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2019年第1期25-31,39,共8页Journal of Shandong University of Science and Technology(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51874189);山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2017MEE043);山东科技大学研究生科技创新项目(SDKDYC180324)

摘　　要：为降低小间距隧道爆破开挖中爆破振动对既有隧道产生的影响,确保其正常运营,设置减震孔是一种有效的控爆措施。利用ANSYS/LS DYNA软件对减震孔在不同布置位置和形式的掏槽爆破进行数值模拟计算,发现:在传播方向上,随着减震孔与爆源距离L的增大,质点水平方向峰值振动速度和质点峰值振动速度先减小后增大,而质点垂直方向峰值振动速度相反。当距离L为1 m时,布置双排梅花形减震孔效果最好,减振效率为10%～20%,其中垂直方向减振效率最高达到45%,并将小间距既有隧道中墙体迎爆侧破坏作为安全评价基准。通过理论计算得出减震孔在隧道爆破中的衰减规律,为爆破振动强度的预测提供依据。In order to reduce the impact of blasting vibration on the existing tunnels in the blasting excavation of tunnels with small spacing and ensure their normal operation,setting damping holes can effectively control the blasting.In this paper,ANSYS/LS DYNA software was used to numerically simulate the blasting of damping holes in different positions and forms.It has been found that in the direction of propagation,with the increase of the distance L between the damping hole and the blasting source,the peak vibration velocity of the particle in the horizontal direction and the peak vibration velocity of the particle first decrease and then increase,while the peak velocity of the particle in the vertical direction first increases and then decreases.When the distance L is 1 m,the double-row plum-shaped damping holes have the best effect,and the damping efficiency is 10%-20%.The damping efficiency in the vertical direction can reach as high as 45%.And the damage on the explosion side of the wall of tunnels with small spacing serves as a safety evaluation benchmark.The attenuation law of damping holes in tunnel blasting is obtained by theoretical calculation,which provides a basis for the prediction of blasting vibration intensity.

关 键 词：小间距隧道 爆破振动 减震孔 数值模拟 振动速度 

分 类 号：TU455.6[建筑科学—岩土工程]