鄱阳湖湿地不同植物群落土壤养分和土壤酶活性垂直分布特征  

Profile Distribution Characteristics of Soil Nutrients and Enzymes in the Wetland of Poyang Lake

作　　者：李晓红[1] LI Xiaohong(Institute of Environmental Engineering,Qingdao Technological University,Qingdao,Shandong 266033,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛理工大学艺术学院,山东青岛266033

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2019年第1期69-75,81,共8页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：山东省文化厅重点课题(2015NBCK;20160316BC)

摘　　要：研究鄱阳湖湿地不同植物群落土壤Bglu(β-葡萄糖苷酶)、NAG(乙酰氨基葡萄糖苷酶)、Bxyl(β-木糖苷酶)、Phos(酸性磷酸酶)、Phox(酚氧化酶)、Pero(过氧化物酶)活性、土壤养分、土壤微生物量碳(SMBC)、土壤微生物量氮(SMBN)、土壤微生物量磷(SMBP)垂直分布特征。结果表明:土壤有机碳(SOC)、全氮(STN)、全钾(STK)、碱解氮(SAN)、速效磷(SAP)和速效钾(SAK)在深度上呈递减趋势,也即随着土层深度的增加而逐渐降低,在0—20cm土壤与其他深层土壤之间存在显著的差异性;对于不同植物群落土壤养分平均值而言,由湖滨高滩地到沉水植物区,土壤养分呈增加趋势(均表现为沉水植物区>湿生植物区>挺水植物区>湖滨高滩地)。随土壤剖面深度的增加,不同植物群落SMBC,SMBN和SMBP在深度上呈递减趋势,其中表层SMBC,SMBN和SMBP分别占所研究整个剖面的27.37%,27.22%和29.75%,由湖滨高滩地到沉水植物区,土壤微生物量呈增加趋势(均表现为沉水植物区>湿生植物区>挺水植物区>湖滨高滩地),其中SMBC,SMBN平均值在不同植物群落中差异均显著(p<0.05)。鄱阳湖湿地沿垂直剖面分布的土壤酶活性与微生物量的变化规律相一致,6种酶(Bglu,Bxyl,NAG,Phos,Pero,Phox)活性随土壤剖面深度的增加显著降低,在0—20cm达到最大;由湖滨高滩地到沉水植物区,土壤酶活性呈增加趋势(均表现为沉水植物区>湿生植物区>挺水植物区>湖滨高滩地)。相关性分析表明,微生物特性SMBC和SMBN与土壤酶活性的相关性系数较大,表明SMBC和SMBN是影响土壤微生物活性的最主要因素。双因素分析表明,SOC,STN,SAN,SMBC,SMBN,Bglu活性,Bxyl活性,Phos活性,Phox活性均极显著地受到植被和土层深度的影响(p<0.01),而STP,SAP和SMBP对土层、植被及两者间交互作用均未表现出显著性响应(p>0.05)。综合分析表明,鄱阳湖湿地土壤微生物功能特性之间具有相互促进作用,具有一定的�In order to study the profile distribution characteristics of soil nutrients and enzymes in the wetland of Poyang Lake,four plant communities were selected as the research sites.The depth of soil profile was 0-80 cm,which was divided into four layers(0-20 cm,20-40 cm,40-60 cm,60-80 cm).The profile distributions of soil enzyme activities(Bglu,NAG,Bxyl,Phos,Phox and Pero),microbial biomass and soil nutrients were determined.The results showed that soil organic carbon(SOC),soil total nitrogen(STN)、soil total potassium(STK),soil alkaline hydrolytic nitrogen(SAN),soil available phosphorus(SAP)and soil available potassium(SAK)decreased gradually as the soil depth increased,and the soil nutrients in surface soil(0-20 cm)were significantly higher than those in deep soil,while there was no significant difference in soil total phosphorus(STP)of different layers;the average of soil nutrients decreased in the order:submerged plant area >wetland plantsbog plant area >emerged plant area >lake shoal;MBC,SMBN and SMBP decreased gradually as the soil depth increased,and the soil,microbial biomass in surface soil(0-20 cm)was significantly higher than that in deep soil,while there was no significant difference in SMBP of different layers;the average of soil microbial biomass decreased in the sequence:submerged plant area >wetland plantsbog plant area >emerged plant area >lake shoal.There is the same change trend between soil nutrients and enzymes.Correlation analysis showed that there were higher correlation coefficients between soil microbial biomass and soil enzymes,indicating that soil microbial biomass was the main factor affecting soil enzymes.Double factor analysis indicated that the plant and soil depth had the significant effect on soil microbial biomass and soil enzymes,and had no effect on STP,SAP and SMBP(p >0.05).In total,there is a synergistic effect between soil microbial biomass and soil enzymes in the wetland of Poyang Lake.

关 键 词：鄱阳湖 湿地 土壤养分 土壤酶活性 

分 类 号：S154.2[农业科学—土壤学] S156.047[农业科学—农业基础科学]