基于GIS技术的佳木斯地区农田开垦对表层土壤有机碳储量的影响  

Effect of Farmland Reclamation on Topsoil Soil Organic Carbon Storage in Jiamusi Area Based on GIS Technology

作　　者：张旭光[1] 苗正红[2] 邱中军[2] 王宗明[3] ZHANG Xuguang;MIAO Zhenghong;QIU Zhongjun;WANG Zongming(City College of Science and Technology,Chongqing University,Chongqing 402160,China;Jilin Province Water Resource and Hydropower Consultative Company of China,Changchun 130012,China;Institute of Northeast Geography and Agricultural Ecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130021,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学城市科技学院,重庆402160 [2]吉林省水利水电勘测设计研究院,长春130012 [3]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,长春130021

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2019年第1期82-85,共4页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家水专项研究(2012ZX07207-004);973计划专题(2012CB421103)

摘　　要：基于GIS技术,利用1980年和2010年佳木斯表层(0—30cm)土壤有机碳数据,研究不同农田开垦方式对表层土壤有机碳储量和空间分布的影响。结果表明:30年来佳木斯地区表层土壤有机碳储量呈现减少趋势,从1980年土壤有机碳库350.68Tg C减少到2010年的299.58Tg C,主要减少分布在东北地区和南部地区。30年来耕地面积增加了6 790.44km2,农田开垦(沼泽湿地、林地、草地)是影响土壤有机碳储量和时空变化的主要原因,而沼泽湿地的开垦导致储量变化最大,沼泽湿地开垦土壤有机碳年变化率为107.21tC/(km2·a)。农田开垦成旱田要比水田对土壤有机碳损失影响大,农田开垦是造成有机碳储量下降的原因。Based on GIS technology,soil organic carbon data of topsoil(0-30 cm)in Jiamusi in 1980 and 2010 were used to study the effects of different cropland reclamation methods on topsoil organic carbon storage and spatial distribution.The results showed that the topsoil organic carbon storage in Jiamusi area presented the decreasing trend in the past 30 years.From 1980 to 2010,the soil organic carbon storage decreased from 350.68 Tg C to 299.58 Tg C.Meantime,the cultivated land area increased by 6 790.44 km^2 in the 30 years,and the farmlands(wetland,woodland,grassland)was considered as the main factor which affected the soil organic carbon storage and spatial and temporal variation,and marsh reclamation resulted in the biggest change of reserves,and soil organic carbon of wetland reclamation changed at the rate of 107.21 t C/(km^2·a).In conclusion,farmlands reclaimed to dry fields had a greater influence on the loss of soil organic carbon than paddy field.Reclamation of farmland was the main cause of the decrease of soil organic carbon.

关 键 词：GIS 土壤有机碳 农田 半变异函数 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学]