金黄色葡萄球菌的临床分布特点及耐药性分析  

Analysis of clinical distribution characteristics and drug resistance of Staphylococcus aureus

作　　者：李一鹏[1] 宫晓红[1] 周娜[1] LI Yi-peng;GONG Xiao-gong;ZHOU Na(Department of Laboratory, Dalian Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Dalian 116013, China)

机构地区：[1]大连市中医医院检验科,116013

出　　处：《中国现代药物应用》2019年第3期237-238,共2页Chinese Journal of Modern Drug Application

摘　　要：目的对金黄色葡萄球菌的临床分布特点及耐药性进行分析研究,为临床合理用药提供指导依据。方法对本院就诊患者分泌物中提取的190株金黄色葡萄球菌进行分离,对菌株出现的科室进行统计;并采用VITEK-32型仪、血浆凝固酶试验和黄金色葡萄球菌单克隆抗体进行菌株检测,监测其耐药性。结果 190株金黄色葡萄球菌中有88株耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌。金黄色葡萄球菌及耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌在重症加强护理病房(ICU)、脑外科、儿科及门诊分布较多,在泌尿外科、呼吸科、普外科分布较少。190株金黄色葡萄球菌中,对青霉素类药物的耐药性最强,耐药率为89.47%(170/190);对红霉素类药物、苯唑西林耐药率分别为63.68%(121/190)、34.21%(65/190),对利福平耐药率为2.11%(4/190),对呋喃妥因耐药率为0.53%(1/190),对万古霉素及利奈唑胺两种药物无耐药性。结论金黄色葡萄球菌耐药率有增加趋势,且耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌耐药性更加严重,应加强院内感染的预防和控制,规范使用抗生素。Objective To analyze and study the clinical distribution and drug resistance of Staphylococcus aureus, and provide guidance for rational drug use in clinic. Methods 190 strains of Staphylococcus aureus extracted from the secretions of patients in our hospital. Statistical analysis was carried out on the departments where the strains appeared, and the drug resistance of the strains was monitored by VITEK-32 instrument, plasma coagulase test and monoclonal antibodies against Staphylococcus aureus. Results There were 88 strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in 190 strains of Staphylococcus aureus. Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus are widely distributed in intensive care unit(ICU), brain surgery, pediatrics and outpatients, and are less distributed in urology, respiratory, and general surgery. Among the 190 strains of Staphylococcus aureus, the resistance to penicillin was the strongest, with resistance rate as 89.47%(170/190);the resistance rate to erythromycin and oxacillin was 63.68%(121/190), 34.21%(65/190), resistance rate to rifampicin was 2.11%(4/190), resistance rate to nitrofurantoin was 0.53%(1/190), and vancomycin and linezolid were not resistant. Conclusion The resistance rate of Staphylococcus aureus is increasing, and the resistance to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is more serious. The prevention and control of nosocomial infection should be strengthened, and the use of antibiotics should be regulated.

关 键 词：金黄色葡萄球菌 耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌 耐药性 

分 类 号：R446.5[医药卫生—诊断学]