聚能光面爆破技术在坚硬岩巷快速掘进中的应用  

Application of Shaped-Charge Smooth Blasting Technology in Rapid Excavation of Hard Rock Roadway

作　　者：杨明东 李岗 李占魁 Yang Mingdong;Li Gang;Li Zhankui(Nanjing Anjite Mining and Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing 211100,China)

机构地区：[1]南京安吉特矿山工程有限公司,江苏南京211100

出　　处：《有色金属设计》2018年第4期75-79,共5页Nonferrous Metals Design

摘　　要：随着高度集约化、高产高效大型矿井的不断增多,坚硬岩石巷道快速掘进技术越来越成为影响矿井采掘平衡的重要影响因素。为了进一步缓解大型矿井采掘接替的压力及发展岩巷快速掘进技术,文章以华东地区某铁矿巷道工程为背景,通过设计合理的爆破参数,研究了聚能光面爆破技术在该矿水平向下主斜巷掘进工程岩巷快速掘进中的应用,并对其应用效果进行了分析。结果表明,在使用该爆破参数掘进30 d后,巷道日进尺、炮眼利用率及爆破后的围岩稳定性都显著提高,其中巷道进尺约为87 m,平均日进尺2. 9 m,炮眼利用率达到85%以上,爆破后的岩石破碎较均匀,大部分破碎岩石被抛掷到断面后10 m。根据巷道赋存具体条件优化的聚能光面爆破技术能够实现坚硬岩石巷道的安全、高质、高效掘进,此研究可为相似地质条件矿井巷道快速掘进中的应用提供借鉴。With the increase of highly intensive,high-yield and high efficiency mines,the rapid excavation technology of hard rock roadway has become an increasingly important factor affecting the mining-drifting balance of the mine.In order to further alleviate the pressure of mining replacement in large mines and to develop rapid excavation technology of rock roadway,this paper,based on the design of reasonable blasting parameters,studied the application of shaped-charge smooth blasting technology in the rapid excavation of horizontally downward inclined roadway in an iron mine of East China,and analyzed its application effect.The results show that after using the blasting parameters for 30 d,the daily footage,utilization rate of the hole in the tunnel and the stability of the surrounding rock after blasting have been greatly improved.The footage of the roadway is about 87 m,the average daily footage is 2.9 m,and the utilization rate of the gun hole is 85%.The rock fracture after blasting is more uniform,and most of the broken rocks are thrown to 10 m after the section.The shaped-charge smooth blasting technology optimized based on the specific conditions of the roadway can be used to realize the safety,high quality and high efficiency of the hard rock roadway excavation.This study can provide reference for the rapid roadway excavation with similar geological conditions.

关 键 词：地质勘查 聚能爆破 光面爆破 坚硬岩巷 爆破参数 

分 类 号：TD235[矿业工程—矿井建设]