极低出生体重儿的喂养方式探索及应用效果比较  

Exploration and application effect comparison of feeding methods for very low birth weight infants

作　　者：陈燕梅 邓连好 黄桂 邓爱荷 CHEN Yan-mei;DENG Lian-hao;HUANG Gui;DENG Ai-he

机构地区：[1]东莞市第五人民医院新生儿科,东莞市523000

出　　处：《护理实践与研究》2018年第14期107-109,共3页Nursing Practice and Research

摘　　要：目的探讨不同喂养方式对极低出生体重儿(VLBWI)早期生长发育及喂养情况的影响。方法 2013年6月至2015年6月选取在本院出生的96例VLBWI,随机将患儿等分为观察组和对照组,对照组行传统方法喂养,观察组给予非营养性吸吮及早期微量喂养,比较两组患儿体重、胃肠功能改善情况及喂养不耐受发生情况。结果观察组患儿每日体重增长量、建立吸吮吞咽功能时间、达到完全胃肠喂养时间、平均住院时间均短于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组腹胀、呕吐、胃潴留、腹泻、贫血及呼吸暂停低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组随访6个月后体重增长、头围增长大于对照组(P<0.05),而智力发育指数(MDI)、心理运动发育指数(PDI)高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论非营养性吸吮及早期微量喂养能有效促进VLBWI早期生长发育,降低患儿喂养不耐受及相关并发症的发生,有利于患儿远期神经系统功能发育。Objective To explore the effects of different feeding methods on the early growth and feeding of very low birth weight infants(VLBWI).Methods From June 2013 to June 2015,96 cases of VLBWI who were born in our hospital were selected and they were divided into observation group and control group randomly.The control group was fed by traditional methods,while the observation group was given non-nutritive sucking and micro-feeding during early stage.The body weight,gastrointestinal function improvement and feeding intolerance in the two groups were compared.Results The daily weight gain,the time of establishing swallowing function,the time suitable for complete gastrointestinal feeding,and the average hospital stay in the observation group were shorter than that in the control group(P<0.05).The observation group had lower abdominal distension,vomiting,gastric retention,diarrhea,anemia and apnea than the control group(P<0.05).After 6 months of follow-up,the weight gain and head circumference growth of the observation group were greater than that of the control group(P<0.05),while mental development index(MDI)and psycho-moter developmental index(PDI)were higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Non-nutritive sucking and early micro-feeding can effectively promote the early growth and development of VLBWI.In addition,it can reduce the feeding intolerance and related complications,which contributes to the long-term development of nervous system function of the infants.

关 键 词：非营养性吸吮 早期微量喂养 极低出生体重儿 早期生长发育 喂养耐受性 

分 类 号：R473.72[医药卫生—护理学]