视屏显示终端作业中键盘手托对上肢肌肉活动的影响  

The Influence of Keyboard Hand Support on Upper Limb Muscle Activity in Visual Display Terminal Operation

作　　者：郭西雅[1] 王文亚 GUO Xi-ya;WANG Wen-ya(College of Design and Art,Shaanxi University of Science and Technology,Xi'an 710021,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学设计与艺术学院,西安710021

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2019年第2期120-125,共6页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：陕西省科学技术研究与发展计划(2016GY-258;2015XT-09;2016GY-253;2015GY179)资助

摘　　要：为探究用户在视屏显示终端作业中使用有托和无托的键盘对人体上肢相关肌肉活动及主观舒适度的影响,并完成上肢肌肉的活性筛选,利用主观评价和表面肌电评价相结合的方法,经过调研,抽选10名被试,通过让被试分别使用有托键盘与无托键盘进行一定时间段的键盘输入,实验后选取上肢肌肉活动影响较大的肌肉块,并分析相关部位主观舒适度。使用有托键盘,上肢肱二头肌(BB)和拇短展肌(APB)负荷明显降低,可提升受试者右手与右手腕的主观舒适度。使用无托键盘,除对受试者的右手与右手腕有不舒适影响,对其余各个部位的主观舒适度均无影响。此外,经肌肉贡献率的量化计算,筛选出几块活性较强、伸缩性较大的上肢肌肉,给予后续应用。使用有手托键盘可有效减小上肢中前臂肌肉负荷;并增加右手腕与右手的主观舒适度。活性较强、伸缩性较大的上肢肌肉排序,即伸腕桡侧肌(ECR)、屈腕桡侧肌(FCR)、伸腕尺肌(ECU)和拇短展肌。In order to explore the impact of the user s use of the keyboard with and without the support on the upper limb related muscle activity and subjective comfort in the visual display terminal(VDT)operation,and complete the activity screening of the upper limb muscle.After investigation,10 subjects were selected,and the subjects were input with a keyboard with a keyboard and a keyboard without keyboard for a certain period of time.After the experiment,muscle blocks with greater influence on upper limb muscle activity were selected,and subjective comfort was analyzed.degree.Results With the support of the keyboard,the upper extremity biceps(BB)and the abductor flexor muscle(APB)load were significantly reduced,which improved the subjective comfort of the right and left wrists of the subject.The use of a keyboard without a keyboard has no effect on the subject s right hand and right wrist,and has no effect on the subjective comfort of the remaining parts.In addition,through the quantitative calculation of muscle contribution rate,several upper limb muscles with stronger activity and greater flexibility were screened for subsequent application.Using a hand-held keyboard can effectively reduce the forearm muscle load in the upper limbs and increase the subjective comfort of the right wrist and right hand.The upper limb muscles with stronger activity and greater flexibility,namely the extensor of the wrist(ECR),the flexor tendon(FCR),the ulnar muscle(ECU)and the abductor flexor muscle.

关 键 词：键盘手托 肌肉活动 积分肌电 肌肉贡献率 舒适性 

分 类 号：TN919.82[电子电信—通信与信息系统]