基于景观生态评价与最小阻力模型的江南水乡土地整治规划  

Jiangnan water town land consolidation planning based on landscape ecological evaluation and minimum cumulative resistance model

作　　者：韩博 金晓斌[1,2,3] 沈春竹 项晓敏[1] 曹帅[1] 孙瑞 周寅康 Han Bo;Jin Xiaobin;Shen Chunzhu;Xiang Xiaomin;Cao Shuai;Sun Rui;Zhou Yinkang(School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China;Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Exploitation and Protection,Ministry of Land and Resources,Nanjing 210023,China;Jiangsu Province Land Development and Consolidation Center,Nanjing 210023,China;Jiangsu Institute of Land Survey and Planning,Nanjing 210017,China)

机构地区：[1]南京大学地理与海洋科学学院,南京210023 [2]国土资源部海岸带开发与保护重点实验室,南京210023 [3]江苏省土地开发技术工程中心,南京210023 [4]江苏省土地勘测规划院,南京210017

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2019年第3期235-245,共11页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2015BAD06B02)

摘　　要：以统一工程建设形式和刚性工程建设标准为引导,以规整化和硬质化为目标,以高强度工程建设为手段的传统土地整治,虽在稳定耕地数量、改善农业生产条件过程中发挥了积极作用,但在当前生态文明建设的要求下亟待转型。江南水乡作为现代化进程与传统农业冲突最为剧烈的地区,通过生态型土地整治实现生态改善、景观提升的需求更为迫切。该研究以景观生态学理论为指导,按照"景观格局评价-土地整治功能分区-廊道格局优化-斑块基质优化"的总体思路,基于空间聚类算法及最小阻力模型等GIS方法,选取典型项目提出了生态型土地整治规划方案。通过规划实施可在保证农业设施得到改善前提下新增人工湿地面积1.24hm2,水系廊道连通度和环通度分别提升55.43%和454.95%,实现项目区景观生态安全指数提升35.56%。该研究可为丰富土地整治规划方法,探索土地整治生态转型路径提供参考与借鉴。The traditional land consolidation with high-intensity engineering construction,guided by unified engineering construction and rigid engineering construction standards,with the goal of regularization and hardening,has played an active role in stabilizing the amount of cultivated land and improving agricultural production conditions.However,it is unsustainable in the context of current ecological civilization construction.The high-intensity mechanical operation made the ecological environment in the project area be severely disturbed in a short time.The lack of ecological consideration results in the destruction of the overall ecological pattern and ecological stability of the project area.As the region suffering from the most serious conflict between modernization process and traditional agriculture,Jiangnan Water Town has more complex land use structure and fragile ecological landscape.There has an urgent need for ecological improvement and landscape improvement through ecological land consolidation.Guided by landscape ecology theory,this study selects a typical project following the idea of“landscape pattern evaluation-land consolidation function partition-corridor pattern optimization-plaque matrix optimization”based on ecological landscape evaluation and minimum resistance model.Then we estimate the investment of the plan to judge the feasibility of the plan according to relevant planning and design standards.Finally,we verified the land consolidation planning scheme from the aspects of engineering construction and landscape ecological security.The implementation of the plan results a great improvement,including an increase by 40.79%in the coverage of the ditches,increase by 60.06%in the coverage of road functions,1.24 hm^2 of newly constructed artificial wetlands,an increase by 447.31%in the density of trenches and corridors,and the circulation of the ditches was improved by 114.91%,the connectivity and circulation of the water corridor were increased by 55.43%and 454.95%respectively,and the landscape ec

关 键 词：土地利用 规划 生态 土地整治 生态景观 江南水乡 金坛 

分 类 号：F301.2[经济管理—产业经济]