菱角种植对三垟湿地富营养化水体的修复作用研究  

Study on the remediation of eutrophication in Sanyang wetland by water caltrop,Trapa bispinosa Roxb

作　　者：戴伟东[1] 郑媛媛 岑旭东[1] 梁贺 南春容[1] DAI Weidong;ZHENG Yuanyuan;CEN Xudong;LIANG He;NAN Chunrong(School of Life Science,Wenzhou Medical University,Wenzhou Zhejiang 325000)

机构地区：[1]温州医科大学生命科学学院,浙江温州325000

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2019年第1期50-54,59,共6页Environmental Pollution & Control

基　　金：温州市科技计划项目(No.S20140031);国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(No.201710343007);温州医科大学大学生科研课题(No.wyx2017101069)

摘　　要：在三垟湿地河道内选取富营养化程度不同的两个区域,进行为期6个月(2016年5—10月)的围隔(a和b)种植菱角修复富营养化水体试验研究,每月对围隔内外的水质指标、浮游生物等进行监测。结果发现:(1)菱角的种植对水体透明度、营养盐和叶绿素a浓度等指标均有明显改善作用。(2)围隔内外水体透明度在7月差异最显著,围隔a、b内透明度比围隔外分别增加20、63cm,分别提高0.4、2.3倍。(3)TN在5月差异最显著,围隔a、b内TN较围隔外分别下降39.7%(质量分数,下同)、20.6%。(4)围隔a内外的TP在6月差异最显著,围隔b则在5月差异最显著,分别较围隔外下降58.6%、42.6%。(5)氨氮在6月差异最显著,围隔a、b内分别较围隔外下降72.1%、61.3%。(6)围隔a内外的叶绿素a在7月差异最显著,围隔b则在5月差异最显著,分别较围隔外下降61.4%、77.5%。(7)围隔内高锰酸盐指数均低于围隔外。(8)围隔内外的浮游生物优势种不同,围隔内浮游动物密度显著降低,但围隔内外浮游生物多样性指数差异不显著。Investigation was conducted in Sanyang wetland with enclosure ecosystem(a and b)planting water caltrop,Trapa bispinosa Roxb.,to exam the effect of remediation on eutrophication from May to October in 2016.Water quality index and plankton were monitored every month.The results showed that:(1)Trapa bispinosa Roxb.planting improved water quality by increasing water transparency,reducing nutrients and chlorophyll a concentration.(2)Water transparency inside enclosures increased most significantly in July,enhancing 20 cm and 63 cm in enclosure a and b,and it was 0.4 and 2.3 times higher than the surrounding area,respectively.(3)TN was the most significant different in May between the inner and outer,decreasing 39.7%and 20.6%in enclosure a and b,respectively.(4)TP in and outside enclosure a was the most significant different in June,while b was the most significant different in May,decreasing 58.6%and 42.6%respectively.(5)Ammonia nitrogen was the most significant different in June between the inner and outer,decreasing 72.1%and 61.3%,respectively.(6)Chlorophyll a in and outside enclosure a was the most significant different in July,while b was the most significant different in May,decreasing 61.4%and 77.5%,respectively.(7)Permanganate index inside the enclosures were always lower than that of outside.(8)Dominant plankton species were different between the inner and outer,and the density of zooplankton inside both enclosures decreased significantly.However,there was no significant difference in plankton diversity index.

关 键 词：三垟湿地 菱角 富营养化 浮游生物 生态修复 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X173