基于STM32+FPGA的微型车床嵌入式数控系统研究与设计  

Research and design of embedded CNC system for micro lathe based on STM32+FPGA

作　　者：宋珂炜 田海林 方辉[1] 文杰棱 SONG Kewei;TIAN Hailin;FANG Hui;WEN Jieling(School of Manufacturing Science and Engineering,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,CHN)

机构地区：[1]四川大学制造科学与工程学院,四川成都610065

出　　处：《制造技术与机床》2019年第3期67-73,77,共8页Manufacturing Technology & Machine Tool

基　　金：四川省科技支撑计划项目(2016GZ0187)

摘　　要：针对基于PC的数控系统的自身不足及其在微型机床上应用的缺陷,对基于STM32+FPGA的硬件架构和UC/OS-III实时操作系统的嵌入式数控系统进行了研究和设计。通过搭建双核心控制的硬件架构,研究和分析了电源电路、时钟电路等主控板中重要的硬件系统。研究并分析了实时嵌入式操作系统UC/OS-III的特点,设计了数控系统中译码、刀补、插补等应用软件,并分析了基于UC/OS-III操作系统的任务调度和时序配合方案。最后与微型车床机械架构进行适配与联调,经过实际的切削试验证明,该嵌入式数控系统实时性强,时序准确,车削过程稳定,插补轨迹精准,具有一定的开放性并极大地降低了整个车床系统的造价和占地面积,具有较好的应用前景。Aiming at the deficiency of PC-based CNC system and its application in micro machine tool,the hardware architecture based on STM32+FPGA and the embedded CNC system based on UC/OS-iii real-time operating system were studied and designed.By building the hardware architecture of dual-core control,the important hardware systems in the main control board such as power circuit and clock circuit are studied and analyzed.This paper studied and analyzed the characteristics of the real-time embedded operating system UC/OS-iii,designed the application software such as decoding,cutter complement and interpolation in the numerical control system,and analyzed the task scheduling and timing coordination scheme based on UC/OS-iii operating system.Finally adaptation and alignment with micro lathe machine architecture,after the actual cutting experiments,it proves that the real-time embedded CNC system is strong,the timing is accurate,turning process is stable,interpolation track is precise,and has certain openness and greatly reduce the cost and covers an area of the whole of the lathe system,has a good application prospect.

关 键 词：微型数控机床 STM32 FPGA UC/OS-III 嵌入式 数控系统 任务调度 

分 类 号：TG659[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]