基于机床运动学模型的加工面形误差影响因素  

Affecting factors of machined form error based on kinematic model of machine tool

作　　者：王鹏飞[1] 王建锋[1] 王晋鹏[2] 李勇 刘守法[1] WANG Pengfei;WANG Jianfeng;WANG Jinpeng;LI Yong;LIU Shoufa(School of Mechanical Engineering,Xijing University,Xi'an 710123,CHN;Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Transmissions and Controls,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi'an 710072,CHN;Bochi Machine Tool Group Co.,Ltd.,Baoji 721013,CHN)

机构地区：[1]西京学院机械工程学院,陕西西安710123 [2]西北工业大学陕西省机电传动与控制工程试验室,陕西西安710072 [3]宝鸡机床集团有限公司,陕西宝鸡721013

出　　处：《制造技术与机床》2019年第2期123-128,共6页Manufacturing Technology & Machine Tool

基　　金：陕西省教育厅专项科研计划基金(15JK2172);国家科技重大专项高档数控机床与基础制造装备专项:面向航天复杂系统系列结构件制造换脑工程(2017ZX04011-010)

摘　　要：面形精度是衡量工件加工面精度的一个重要指标,机床误差是影响工件面形精度的最关键因素。构建了5-DOF串并联机床运动学正解和逆解模型,并采用Matlab软件进行编程,对机床的11项误差参数进行设定,研究了误差参数对工件面形误差的影响。研究表明,机床上并联的3个连杆各自的角度误差对工件面形误差的影响非常相近;立柱根部Z向角度误差引起的工件面形误差最大,0. 15°的角度误差引起的工件表面最大面形误差达7. 7 mm;机床上位置误差项对工件面形误差的影响普遍小于角度误差项,立柱根部X向位置误差引起的工件面形误差最大,1 mm位置误差引起的工件表面最大面形误差为1. 374 4 mm。该研究可为机床公差设计、刚度控制以及安装调整提供重要的依据。The surface shape accuracy is an important index to measure the precision of the machining surface of a workpiece.The error of machine tool is the most important factor that affects the surface shape accuracy of the workpiece.The forward kinematic model and inverse kinematic model of 5-DOF series-parallel machine tool were established and imported into Matlab software in the form of programming.The 11 error parameters of the machine tool are set,and its effect on the surface shape error of the workpiece is studied.The research shows that surface shape errors of the workpiece caused by angle errors of the three parallel connecting rods on the machine tool are very close.The maximum surface shape error is caused by Z direction angle error of column root(ΔΨAS=0.15°),which is 7.7 mm.The effect of the position error on the surface form error of the workpiece is generally less than that of the angle error.The maximum surface shape error caused by position errors is caused by X direction position error of column root(ΔX AS=1 mm),which is 1.374 4 mm.The results can provide an important basis for the tolerance design,stiffness control and installation and adjustment of machine tools.

关 键 词：面形精度 运动学正解模型 运动学逆解模型 MATLAB软件 

分 类 号：TH161[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]