从“发现”到“发明”台湾文学——呈逆方向发展的两岸台湾文学研究  

From the ‘Discovery’ of Taiwan Residents Literature to Its ‘Invention’: the Cross-strait Taiwan Literary Studies that Evolve in Opposite Directions

作　　者：古远清 Gu Yuanqing

机构地区：[1]佛山科学技术学院佛山岭南文化研究院

出　　处：《华文文学》2019年第1期13-24,共12页Literatures in Chinese

摘　　要：大陆学者在开展两岸文化交流后,重新"发现"台湾文学与大陆文学的"共相"时,"发现"有不少诸如"日本语文学"、眷村文学、后遗民写作,还出现诗文双绝的余光中等众多由"移民特性"或"遗民性格"所带来的"殊相"。台湾文学本来就是一座重镇,它在参与建构祖国文学中,做出了特殊的历史贡献。尤其是在"文革"期间,台湾文学填补了中国当代文学的大片空白。台湾部分学者从上世纪70年代以来重新挖掘和"发现"台湾文学,另一些"激烈本土派"则"发明"与中华文化无关的"台湾文学",还"发明"(其实是伪造)"台独文学史"及随之而来的"台湾语言"、"台湾文字",并"发明"了"张爱玲是台湾作家"这种违反史实的作家定位。大陆学者通过"发现"进而"识别"、"揭示"或"解释"这种隶属于中国文化的总体版图,却在长期诡谲曲折的历史变动中出现了众多异质的"有中有台"的台湾文学,与台湾"激烈本土派"所"发明"的"有台无中"的"台湾文学",不是一种平行关系,也不是一种对等关系。After they began the cross-strait cultural exchange and rediscovered the common features of Taiwan Residents literature and mainland literature,mainland scholars also discovered things like‘Japanese literature’,literature of military dependents'villages and the post-loyalist writings as well as the‘special features’,brought about by the‘characteristics of migration’or the‘character of the loyalists’,in the writings of Yu Kwang-chung,famous for his prose and poetry,and many others.Of strategic significance in itself,Taiwan Residents literature has made a special historical contribution to the construction of the literature of the motherland,particularly during the Cultural Revolution when it filled a vast space of gaps in contemporary Chinese literature.Since the 1970s,some of the scholars in Taiwan have been re-excavating and‘discovering’Taiwan Residents literature while a number of other‘radical localist groups’discovered a‘Taiwan Residents literature’that has nothing to do with Chinese culture;they went so far as to invent(in fact forging)‘a history of independent Taiwan Residents literature’,followed by‘Taiwan Residents language’and‘Taiwan Residents words’,positioning,in an anti-historical manner,Eileen Chang as a‘Taiwan Residents writer’.Although mainland scholars,through their discovery,have recognized,revealed or explained this total mapping that belongs to the Chinese culture,they have found that the kind of Taiwan Residents literature containing a mass of heterogenous qualities that are both Chinese and Taiwan Residents,out of a long and tortuous historical change,is a relationship that is neither parallel nor equal to the kind of‘Taiwan Residents literature’that is only Taiwan Residents without being Chinese,as invented by the radical localist schools.

关 键 词：台湾文学 台湾文学研究 发现 发明 激烈本土派 

分 类 号：I206[文学—中国文学]