攀西地区冬闲田种植晚熟型燕麦的最佳刈割期研究  

Study on the Best Cutting Period of Late Maturity Oats Planted in Winter Fallow Field in Panxi Region

作　　者：柳茜 孙启忠[2] 杨万春 郝虎 乔雪峰 徐丽君[4] LIU Qian;SUN Qizhong;YANG Wan-chun;HAO Hu;QIAO Xue feng;XU Li-jun(Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary sciences of Liangshan Prefecture,Xichang 615042;Institute of Grassland Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Huhhot 010010;Liangshan Qiliba Sheep Farm,Zhaojue 616150;Hulunbeir Grassland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station,Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planting of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081)

机构地区：[1]四川凉山彝族自治州畜牧兽医科学研究所,西昌615042 [2]中国农业科学院草原研究所,呼和浩特010010 [3]凉山州七里坝种羊场,昭觉616150 [4]呼伦贝尔国家野外站/中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《中国奶牛》2019年第1期4-8,共5页China Dairy Cattle

基　　金：中国农业科学院创新工程(CAAS-ASTIP-IGR.2015-02);国家现代农业(牧草)产业技术体系(CARS-35)

摘　　要：本试验以科纳燕麦为研究对象,在拔节期、抽穗期、灌浆期与乳熟期刈割,测定其产草量和营养成分等指标,探讨攀西地区冬闲田种植晚熟型燕麦的最佳刈割时期。通过研究发现随着刈割时间的推移,科纳燕麦的干重呈现逐渐积累的趋势。乳熟期干草产量最高,显著高于拔节期和抽穗期(P<0.05),与灌浆期差异不显著。随着刈割期的推迟粗蛋白含量逐渐下降,乳熟期和灌浆期显著低于拔节期和抽穗期(P<0.05)。酸性洗涤纤维、中性洗涤纤维含量随着刈割时期的推迟表现为先升后降,不同刈割期的RFV值表现为先降后升的趋势。乳熟期的酸性洗涤纤维、中性洗涤纤维含量低于抽穗期、灌浆期,RFV值为108.63,高于抽穗期、灌浆期。综合产草量和营养品质得出,攀西地区种植晚熟型燕麦最佳刈割时间应为乳熟期,但考虑到届时恰逢雨季,为获得较高产量同时不影响下茬作物的生长以选择灌浆期刈割为宜。In this experiment Kona Oat was cut at the jointing, earing, grain filing and milk period, detected forage yield and nutrition content, to discuss the optimal harvesting period of oat in the fallow filed in Panxi region.It indicated that if harvesting period was delayed, DM yield of oat was higher. The DM yield of oat at milk period was the highest, it was significantly higher than that at the jointing period and earing period(P < 0.05), and it had no significant difference with that of grain filing period. As the harvesting period delayed, the CP content was lower, the CP content of grain filing period had no significant difference from that of milk period, and was significantly lower than that of jointing and earing period (P < 0.05). As the delay of harvesting period, ADF and NDF content went up firstly and then fell, and RFV fell firstly and then went up. ADF and NDF of milk period was lower than that of earing and grain filing period, and RFV of milk period was 108.63, it was higher than that of earing and grain filing period. Considering forage yield and nutrition quality, in Panxi region, the optimal harvesting period of oat was milking period, and for the late oat, to get a higher yield and the growing of the following crop cannot be affected, choose to harvest at grain filing period.

关 键 词：冬闲田 燕麦 刈割期 攀西地区 

分 类 号：S8-1[农业科学—畜牧兽医]