中外肉羊养殖成本收益比较及影响因素分析  

Cost-benefit Comparison of Mutton Sheep Breeding in China and Foreign Countries and Its Relative Influencing Factors

作　　者：康海琪 肖海峰[1] Kang Haiqi;Xiao Haifeng(College of Economics and Management of China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学经济管理学院,北京100083

出　　处：《农业展望》2018年第12期70-77,共8页Agricultural Outlook

基　　金：国家绒毛用羊产业技术体系产业经济研究(CARS-39-22)

摘　　要：国外进口羊肉对国内肉羊产业的影响主要是价格的冲击,价格形成的关键是肉羊养殖成本的差异。对中国与澳大利亚、新西兰肉羊养殖成本、收益与成本结构进行比较发现,成本收益方面,中国与澳大利亚肉羊养殖总收益差距先缩小后增大,肉羊养殖总成本差距逐渐缩小,中国肉羊养殖成本利润率比澳大利亚先高后低;生产成本方面,中国肉羊养殖直接费用高于澳大利亚,间接费用远低于澳大利亚,人工成本低于澳大利亚;成本结构方面,新西兰、澳大利亚肉羊养殖直接费用结构比中国更为均衡,中国、新西兰、澳大利亚肉羊养殖间接费用占比呈现两种分布,中国、新西兰、澳大利亚肉羊养殖人工成本在总成本中均占较大比重。在此基础上,对差异形成的影响因素进行了分析,提出了中国肉羊产业提质增效的建议,并予以了展望。The impact of imported mutton on domestic mutton sheep industry is mainly the impact of price,and the key of the price formation is the difference of mutton sheep breeding cost.The authors compared the cost,benefit and cost structure of mutton sheep breeding in China,Australia and New Zealand.The results showed that in terms of cost and benefit,the gap between China and Australia in total benefits of mutton sheep breeding narrowed first and then widened,the gap between total costs of mutton sheep breeding gradually narrowed,and the cost-profit ratio of Chinese mutton sheep breeding was higher than that of Australia first and then lower;in terms of production cost,the direct expenses of mutton sheep breeding in China was higher than that in Australia,the indirect expenses was much lower than that in Australia,and the labor cost was lower than that in Australia;in terms of cost structure,the structure of the direct expenses of sheep breeding in New Zealand and Australian was more balanced than that of China,the proportion of the indirect expenses of mutton sheep breeding in China,New Zealand and Australia presented two kinds of distribution,and the labor cost of mutton sheep farming accounted for a large proportion of the total cost in China,New Zealand and Australia.On this basis,the influencing factors of difference formation were analyzed,the suggestions for improving the quality and efficiency of China's mutton sheep industry were put forward,and the related prospects were given.

关 键 词：澳大利亚 新西兰 肉羊养殖 成本与收益 成本结构 展望 

分 类 号：F326.3[经济管理—产业经济]