基于浮游生物完整性指数的不同生物浮床黄颡鱼养殖池塘生态健康评价  

Ecological health assessment of Pelteobagrus eupogon culture ponds of different bio-floating beds based on plankton integrity index

作　　者：崔亮 李恩军 程光平 秦秀东 张曼 赵学倩 高胜男 何绪伟 CUI Liang;LI En-jun;CHENG Guang-ping;QIN Xiu-dong;ZHANG Man;ZHAO Xue-qian;GAO Sheng-nan;HE Xu-wei(College of Animal Science and Technology,Guangxi University/Key Laboratory of Aquatic Health Cultivation andNutrition Regulation of Guangxi Colleges and Universities,Nanning 530004,China;The Second AquacultureFarm in Guilin,Guilin,Guangxi 541000,China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学动物科学技术学院/广西高校水生生物健康养殖与营养调控重点实验室,南宁530004 [2]桂林市第二水产养殖场,广西桂林541000

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2019年第1期179-186,共8页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：广西重点研发计划项目(桂科AB16380057);广西创新驱动发展专项项目(桂科AA17204095-2)

摘　　要：【目的】筛选出生物浮床调控养殖池塘水质的有效方法,为黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrus eupogon)规模化养殖池塘生境生态修复提供参考依据。【方法】分别设空心莲子草(Alternanthera philoxeroides)和水葫芦(Eichhornia crassipes)两种生物浮床黄颡鱼养殖池塘(4#和5#池塘),以未设生物浮床的邻塘(6#池塘)为参照点,采用浮游生物完整性指数(P-IBI)评价黄颡鱼养殖池塘的生态健康状况,并分析P-IBI与各类水质因子的关联度。【结果】4#池塘的P-IBI变化范围为1.29～6.57,平均值4.13;5#池塘的P-IBI变化范围为2.65～5.58,平均值4.49;6#池塘的P-IBI变化范围为2.38～5.40,平均值3.86。在同一养殖池塘内,P-IBI随养殖时间的推移整体上呈先上升后下降的变化趋势,并随水温的季节性变化出现一定波动;P-IBI平均值排序为5#池塘>4#池塘>6#池塘,即设有生物浮床养殖池塘的生态健康状况优于参照点池塘,而在两种生物浮床中又以空心莲子草浮床优于水葫芦浮床,前者养殖水体的P-IBI较后者提高8.7%。在两种生物浮床养殖池塘中,均以化学需氧量(CODMn)与P-IBI的关联度最高,其次为总磷(TP)和水温(WT);在参照点池塘中,与P-IBI关联度最高的水质因子为WT,其次是TP和酸碱度(pH)。【结论】空心莲子草和水葫芦浮床的水质修复作用主要是通过对藻类的选择性抑制来实现,且在对浮游生物组成结构和生物量的影响程度方面,空心莲子草的效果比水葫芦明显,即以生物浮床修复黄颡鱼养殖池塘水质时空心莲子草浮床优于水葫芦浮床。【Objective】In order to provide reference for ecological restoration of large-scale cultivation ponds of Pelteobagrus eupogon culture,methods to regulate the water quality of culture ponds by bio-floating beds were screened.【Method】Alternanthera philoxeroides and Eichhornia crassipes biological floating bed ponds(4# and 5# ponds)for P. eupogon culture were set up respectively. The reference point was the adjacent pond(6# pond)without biological floating bed. Assessment of ecological health status of P. eupogon aquaculture ponds using plankton index of biological integrity (P-IBI)was conducted. And the correlation degree between P-IBI and various water quality factors was analyzed.【Result】The range of P-IBI in 4# pond ranged from 1.29 to 6.57,with an average of 4.13;the range of P-IBI in 5# pond ranged from 2.65 to 5.58,with an average of 4.49;and the range of P-IBI in 6# pond ranged from 2.38 to 5.40,with an average of 3.86. In the same pond,P-IBI increased first and then decreased with the development of aquaculture,and fluctuated with the seasonal variation of water temperature.The order of average P-IBI was 5# pond >4# pond >6# pond. That was to say,the ecological health condition of the pond with biological floating bed was better than that of the reference point pond. In the two biological floating beds,the floating bed of A. philoxeroides was better than the floating bed of E. crassipes. The P-IBI of the former was 8.7% higher than that of the latter. In the two biological floating bed ponds,the correlation between chemical oxygen demand(CODMn)and P-IBI was the highest,followed by total phosphorus(TP)and water temperature(WT). In reference point ponds,the hydration factor with the highest correlation with P-IBI was TP, followed by TPand potential of hydrogen(pH).【Conclusion】Water quality restoration of A. philoxeroides and E. crassipes floating beds are mainly achieved by selective inhibition of algae.And in terms of the impact on the composition and biomass of plankton,the effect of A. philo

关 键 词：黄颡鱼 浮游生物 生物完整性指数(IBI) 关联度 健康评价 

分 类 号：S964.3[农业科学—水产养殖]