农作物打顶机夹持打顶机构的设计与试验  

Design and Experiment of Clamp Topping Mechanism of Crops Topping Machine

作　　者：杨庆璐 范国强[1] 张晓辉[1] 鹿瑶[1] 太健健 Yang Qinglu;Fan Guoqing;Zhang Xiaohui;Lu Yao;Tai Jianjian(College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai’an 271018,China;College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学机电学院,山东泰安271018 [2]中国农业大学工学院,北京100083

出　　处：《农机化研究》2019年第2期91-97,共7页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：山东省现代农业产业技术体系棉花产业创新团队项目(SDAIT-03-09)

摘　　要：目前,我国烟草、棉花打顶主要依靠人工,存在劳动强度大和效率低的缺点;现有的机械打顶主要采取割刀向前滚动切割的方式,存在打顶不精确、烟花无法收集等弊端。针对这些问题,设计了一种夹持打顶机构,主要由左右扶禾器、夹持皮带、浮动张紧轮、浮动张紧轮摆动铰链、切割刀、弹簧、直流夹持电机和割刀电机组成。该机构可实现烟芽的收拢、夹持切割、割刀消毒及抑芽剂喷施等作业,具有结构紧凑、功能齐全的优点。同时,通过烟草茎秆切割力学特性试验,得出剪切规律,为烟草打顶切割力的研究提供了试验依据。田间试验结果表明:该机构打顶准确率为97%,夹持准确率为98%,能够满足使用要求。At present, the topping of tobacco and cotton in China mainly relies on manual labor, and has the shortcomings of large labor intensity and low efficiency;The existing topping mechanical mainly adopts the way that the cutter is rolled forward and cut, existence disadvantages such as decapitation imprecise and poor collection of tobacco flowers, to solve these problems, a gripping and topping mechanism is designed, it is mainly composed of a left and a right grain lifter, a clamping belt, a floating tensioning wheel, a swinging hinge, a cutter, a spring, a DC clamping motor and a cutter motor. It can realize the operation of collecting tobacco buds, clamping cutting, cutting knife sterilizing and spraying a bud inhibitor, has the advantages of compact structure and complete functions. At the same time, through the mechanical characteristics test of tobacco stem cutting, the shear law is obtained, which provides the experimental basis for the study of cutting force of tobacco topping. The result of tobacco topping test shows that the accuracy of topping is 97%, and the accuracy of clamping is 98%, which can meet the requirement of use.

关 键 词：烟草 棉花 夹持打顶 抑芽 切割力 

分 类 号：S224.9[农业科学—农业机械化工程]