社区老年人养老需求及护理对策  

Pension Demand and Its Countermeasures among the Elderly in Communities

作　　者：罗利清 王萧萧[2] 邱传旭 韩翠萍 王培席 刘宇 LUO Li-qing;WANG Xiao-xiao;QIU Chuan-xu;HAN Cui-ping;WANG Pei-xi;LIU Yu(Luohu Hospital,Luohu Hospital Group,Shenzhen Guangdong 518001;Institute of Public Health,School of Nursing and Health,Henan University,Kaifeng Henan 475004;Daycare Center for Seniors in the Cuining Community,Geriatrics Hospital, Luohu Hospital Group,Shenzhen Guangdong 518001;School of Public Health,Guangzhou Medical University,Guangzhou Guangdong 510182,China)

机构地区：[1]罗湖医院集团罗湖医院,广东深圳518001 [2]开封市河南大学护理学院,河南开封475004 [3]罗湖医院集团老年病专科医院翠宁老年人日间照料中心,广东深圳518001 [4]广州医科大学公共卫生学院,广东广州510182

出　　处：《昆明医科大学学报》2019年第1期136-141,共6页Journal of Kunming Medical University

基　　金：国家科技部国家科技重大专项基金资助项目(2016YFC0900800)

摘　　要：目的了解深圳市某社区老年人的基本情况及养老需求状况,分析老年人机构养老需求及选择养老地点的影响因素,为开展养老护理服务及制定相关养老政策提供依据。方法于2015年8至9月,对社区2109位60岁及以上老年人的一般资料、基本健康状况、养老需求状况进行问卷调查.采用SPSS统计软件进行数据分析。结果该社区老年人以低龄、女性为主,72%的老年人罹患慢性疾病。绝大部分老年人选择家庭养老,机构养老的总体需求率为41.1%,其中不同婚姻状况、文化程度、子女个数以及自感健康状况对老年人机构养老需求的影响不同(P<0.05),而文化程度、子女个数、居住情况、自感健康状况以及是否患慢性疾病对老年人选择养老地点有不同的影响(P<0.05)。结论关注社区老年人的健康状况,充分考虑影响老年人机构养老需求及选择养老方式的各方面因素的基础上,满足不同特征老年人的全方位养老需求,完善社区养老服务体系,保证优质护理服务,探索适宜的养老模式,提高老年人晚年生活质量。Objective To investigate the characters and status of pension demand of the elderly in a community of Shenzhen province.And to explore its influencing factors in the matter of pension demand and pension place choice,subsequently come up with some countermeasures and suggestions so as to provide the evidence for developing pension care service and policy-making.Methods A total of 2109 elderly in a community were selected and a household survey was performed among the elders with a self-designed questionnaire about their general information,health condition and pension demand from August 2015 to September 2015.Data analysis were performed using the statistic soft of SPSS.Results 72%of the elderly were suffering from chronic diseases and most of them were comparatively of low ages and mainly of women.The vast majority of the elderly chose family supporting and the total demand rate of pension institutions was 41.1%.We found that marital status,education level,the number of children and perceived health condition were all significantly associated with pension institutions(P<0.05).And pension place choice was significantly related to the education level,the number of children,inhibiting information,perceived health status and whether suffering from chronic disease(P<0.05).Conclusion More attention should be paid to the health condition of the elderly,especially those with chronic disease and full consideration should be given to the influencing factors of the pension demand and place choices.The related managers should try their best to meet the full range of pension requirements among the elderly with different characteristics by means of perfecting the community pension service system and guaranteeing the quality of nursing service,so as to explore suitable pension mode for the elderly and improve their quality of life in later life.

关 键 词：社区 老年人 养老需求 护理对策 

分 类 号：R473[医药卫生—护理学]