烟台市开发区2017—2018年院前急救流行病学调查分析  

The epidemiological analysis of patients in pre-hospital care from year 2017 to 2018 in Yantai Development Zone

作　　者：周贤慧 王显江 黄奇迅 张献 ZHOU Xianhui;WANG Xianjiang;HUANG Qixun;ZHANG Xian(Department of Ophthalmology,Yantai Yeda Hospital,Yantai 264000,China;Department of Emergency,Yantai Yeda Hospital,Yantai 264000,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省烟台市业达医院眼科,264000 [2]山东省烟台市业达医院急诊科,264000

出　　处：《中华灾害救援医学》2019年第2期61-65,共5页Chinese Journal of Disaster Medicine

摘　　要：目的调查烟台市开发区院前急救病例谱分布与流行病学特点,采取针对性防治措施,以提升院前急救水平和急救成功率。方法收集2017-06至2018-06烟台市业达医院救治的6 087例患者的临床资料,分析其疾病种类、呼救时间、死亡原因等流行病学特点。结果 6 087例患者中,男女之比为1.42∶1,41～50岁所占比例最高,为16.64%(1 013/6 087)。院前急救疾病谱分布前5位分别是创伤、神经系统疾病、循环系统疾病、醉酒及呼吸系统疾病,共计5 210例。一年中救治病例最多的3个月份为7、8、9月,共计1 899例,月份分布中创伤均占第1位。一天中有两个呼救高峰期,上午7:00～10:00为第1个呼救高峰,夜间20:00～23:00为第2次呼救高峰。每日分布中,创伤最高出现于晚20:00～21:00,神经系统疾病、循环系统疾病、呼吸系统疾病呼救时间无明显规律性,醉酒呼救时间主要集中于夜间21:00～23:00。创伤患者共2 710例,女833例,男1 877例,男女比2.25∶1;主要年龄分布为20～50岁,占创伤人数68.82%(1 865/2 710);创伤病因中最多为交通事故33.00%(894/2 710)。结论烟台市开发区院前急救以创伤为主,男性多于女性,夏季多发。根据院前疾病谱分布,提高公民安全生产及遵守交通规则意识、减少意外伤害的发生率;有针对性对院前急救医护人员进行培训,提高院前救护能力,对民众进行疾病急救知识普及宣传,提高全民自救互救能力,降低病死率有重要意义。Objective The objective of this study was to investigate the spectrum distribution and epidemiological characteristics of pre-hospital emergency in Yantai Development Zone(Shandong province,China),and to take corresponding measures and improve the level of pre-hospital first aid and the success rate of first aid.Methods The clinical data of 6,087 patients treated in Yeda Hospital of Yantai City from June 2017 to June 2018 were collected and the epidemiological characteristics of disease types,calling times and causes of death were analyzed.Results Among 6,087 patients,the ratio of male to female was 1.42:1,aged between 41 and 50 years old took the highest proportion,accounting for 16.64%(1,013/6,087).The top five diseases were trauma,nervous system disease,circulatory system disease,drunken and respiratory system disease,totaling 5,210 cases.The largest number of cases treated in a year was mostly in July,August and September,totaling 1,899 cases,with trauma ranking the first in the monthly distribution.There are two peak periods in a day,the first peak is from 7:00 am to 10:00 am and the second is from 8:00 pm to 11:00 pm.Daily distribution showed that trauma occurred most frequently between 8:00 pm and 9:00 pm.There was no obvious regularity in the call time for nervous system diseases,circulatory system diseases and respiratory system diseases.The call time for drunken patients mainly concentrated between 9:00 pm and 11:00 pm.There were 2,710 traumatic patients,833 females,1,877 males,and the ratio of males to females was 2.25:1.The age was mainly distributed between 20 and 50 years old,accounting for 68.82%(1,865/2,710)of traumatic patients,and the most common cause of trauma was traffic accidents,accounting for 33.00%(894/2,710).Conclusions Trauma is the main disease in pre-hospital first aid in Yantai Development Zone,with more males than females and usually occurs in summer.According to the distribution of pre-hospital disease spectrum,it is of great significance to improve citizens'production safety and a

关 键 词：院前急救 院前死亡 流行病学 

分 类 号：R459.7[医药卫生—急诊医学]