乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物增强硅橡胶复合材料的黏弹阻尼性能  

Viscoelastic damping properties of ethylene-vinyl acetate reinforced silicone rubber composites

作　　者：井龙 王克俭[1] 王之恒 蒋洪罡 苏正涛 袁子豪[1] 岂林霞 JING Long;WANG Kejian;WANG Zhiheng;JIANG Honggang;SU Zhengtao;YUAN Zihao;QI Linxia(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Beijing University of Chemical and Technology,Beijing 100029,China;Beijing National Day School,Beijing 100039,China;AECC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials,Beijing 100095,China)

机构地区：[1]北京化工大学机电工程学院,北京100029 [2]北京市十一学校,北京100039 [3]中国航发北京航空材料研究院,北京100095

出　　处：《复合材料学报》2019年第1期261-268,共8页Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica

基　　金：航空科学基金(201535S9001)

摘　　要：在密炼机中将醋酸乙烯基(VA)含量为18%(质量比)的乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物(EVA)与硅橡胶(SR)共混,再在开炼过程中加入橡胶其他组分混合得到EVA/SR混炼胶,硫化形成EVA/SR宽温域黏弹阻尼复合材料。采用毛细管流变仪、橡胶加工分析仪(RPA)、动态力学热分析仪(DMA)和DSC研究了EVA含量对EVA/SR复合材料的力学性能、加工性能、阻尼性能和热性能的影响。结果表明:加入较多EVA可更明显地改善SR的硬度和模量及撕裂强度,并使其拉伸强度和断裂伸长率仍然较高,保持在SR使用要求范围内。EVA/SR混炼胶剪切变稀,增大剪切应变幅值显示明显的Payne效应,用Kraus模型可分析EVA含量和硫化的影响。EVA分散于白炭黑填充的SR化学交联网络中形成多重结构;SR降低了EVA的结晶温度,添加EVA起到了增强和增黏SR的作用。纯SR损耗因子大于0.1的温度范围为-42～-28℃;对于EVA∶SR质量比为40∶100的EVA/SR复合材料,其最大损耗因子从0.125提高到0.18,有效阻尼温域为-23～37℃。这明显拓宽了SR有效阻尼温域,可应用于较高温度减震降噪工程。Ethylene vinyl acetate(EVA)with 18%(mass ratio)of vinyl acetate was blended with silicone rubber(SR)in the mixer,then the other rubber components were added in the roll-milling to prepare un-vulcanized EVA/SR rubber composites,then they were vulcanized to produce EVA/SR viscoelastic damping composites with wider effective temperature range.The effects of different contents of EVA on the mechanical properties,processability,damping characteristics and thermal properties of EVA/SR composites were studied by capillary rheometer,rubber processing analyzer(RPA),DMA and DSC.The results show that adding more EVA can significantly improve the hardness and modulus and tear strength of SR.Meanwhile,the tensile strength and elongation at break are still high remaining within the range of SR application requirements,and EVA/SR is sheared thinner.The compound exhibits distinct Payne effect in strain scanning by increasing its amplitude.The effects of EVA content and vulcanization can be analyzed by Kraus model.EVA micro-cluster is dispersed in chemically crosslink network SR together filled with silica forming multiple structures.SR decreases the crystallization temperature of EVA.EVA plays a significant role in reinforcing and increasing the viscosity of SR.For pure SR,the temperature range is-42^-28℃when the loss factor is greater than 0.1.In contrast,for 100:40(mass ratio)EVA/SR,the effective damping temperature range is-23~37℃corresponding to the maximum loss factor of 0.18 in comparison of 0.125 for pure SR.This obviously widens the effective damping temperature range rendering the shock-absorbing and de-noising applications at higher temperature.

关 键 词：硅橡胶 乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物 黏弹阻尼性 补强 PAYNE效应 Kraus模型 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]