收获期谷子叶片摩擦特性的试验研究  

Experimental Study on the Friction Characteristics of Millet Leaves at Harvest Time

作　　者：张宁 李红波[1] 张燕青[1] 崔清亮[1] 孙青芳[1] Zhang Ning;Li Hongbo;Zhang Yanqing;Cui Qingliang;Sun Qingfang(College of Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学工学院,山西太谷030801

出　　处：《农机化研究》2019年第6期154-161,共8页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0701801)

摘　　要：为了探明谷子叶片的摩擦特性,降低其对谷子联合收获机割台损失的影响,采用自制摩擦测试装置,联合Instron5544型电子万能试验机,选定谷子张杂10号、晋谷21号和沁州黄等3个品种,分别测定了叶片之间及叶片与不同金属材料接触时的摩擦特性参数。分析了叶片不同方向(纵向和横向)、不同表面(上表面和下表面)、不同倒刺方向(顺纹和逆纹)及不同金属薄板(钢板、铝板、铁板)等因素对叶片摩擦特性的影响规律。试验结果表明:叶片与叶片摩擦时,张杂10号、晋谷21号、沁州黄的静摩擦因数和滑动摩擦因数值范围分别为0.3953~0.9 6 6 5/0.3 6 9 5~0.9 5 6 5、0.3 6 5 7~0.9 4 6 7/0.3 5 5 6~0.8 8 6 3、0.3 5 7 0~0.9 4 2 0/0.3 3 3 8~0.9 0 8 8;叶片的方向及倒刺方向两因素对其影响极显著(P<0.01),叶片在横向及逆着倒刺方向时,摩擦因数值较大。叶片与不同金属材料接触时,张杂10号、晋谷21号、沁州黄叶片与不同金属材料板接触时静摩擦因数值和滑动摩擦因数值范围分别为0.2800~0.5865/0.2546~0.4595、0.2625~0.6080/0.2265~0.4595、0.2805~0.4660/0.2676~0.4318;其与铁板的摩擦因数值最高,钢板与铝板次之且无显著差别。研究结果可为谷子收获机械的研制与设计提供一定的技术参数和理论依据。In order to explore the friction characteristics of millet leaves and reduce its effect to millet combine harvester header loss, the friction parameters between leaves and leaves and the friction parameters between leaves and different metals were measured respectively by using the self-made friction measuring device which combined with Instron 5544 type electronic universal testing machine. Three millet varieties: Zhangza-10, Jingu-21, Qinzhouhuang were selected. It analyzed the influence law of direction (the longitudinal and the horizontal direction), surface (the upper and the lower surface), barb direction (along or against it) and different metals (steel, aluminum and iron) on friction characteristics of leaves. The results show that the range of static friction coefficient and sliding friction coefficient between leaves and leaves of Zhangza-10, Jingu-21, Qinzhouhuang are respectively 0.3953~0.9665/0.3695~0.9565,0.3657~0.9467/ 0.3556 ~0.8863,0.3570~ 0.9420/0.3338~0.9088, It shows that the direction and the barb direction of leaves have highly significant effects on friction characteristics ( p <0.01) when leaves come into contact with leaves. The transverse direction and when it against the barb direction of leaves have a largest influence and the coefficient of friction is larger. When leaves come into contact with different metals, the range of static friction coefficient and sliding friction coefficient of Zhangza-10, Jingu-21, Qinzhouhuang are respectively 0.2800~0.5865/0.2546~0.4595,0.2625~0.6080/0.2265~0.4595,0.2805~0.4660/0.2676~0.4318. The coefficient of friction with iron is larger than steel and aluminum which have no great difference between them. The study can provide some technical parameters and theoretical basis for the develo pment and design of millet harvesters.

关 键 词：谷子叶片 摩擦 静摩擦因数 滑动摩擦因数 

分 类 号：S183[农业科学—农业基础科学]