土壤消毒机蒸汽输送装置的设计与数值模拟  

Design and Numerical Simulation of Steam Transfer Device for Soil Disinfector

作　　者：蒋雪松[1] 杨冬冬 潘四普 陈青[1] 李萍萍 周宏平[1] Jiang Xuesong;Yang Dongdong;Pan Sipu;Chen Qing;Li Pingping;Zhou Hongping(College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China;College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学机械电子工程学院,南京210037 [2]南京林业大学生物与环境学院,南京210037

出　　处：《农机化研究》2019年第5期111-115,120,共6页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：江苏省政策引导类计划(产学研合作)前瞻性联合研究项目(BY2015006-03);"十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAD08B04)

摘　　要：土传病虫害严重制约了设施栽培的发展。蒸汽消毒相比于其他土壤消毒方法,具有诸多优点,其利用高温杀死土壤中的病虫草害,提高了土壤的通透性和排水性,且对环境无任何污染。为此,基于脉冲式土壤蒸汽消毒机的总体结构,重点对蒸汽输送装置的注射针头以及蒸汽罩盖、针头间距、针头数目等蒸汽盘关键结构参数进行了设计。利用Fluent软件对土壤传热模型进行了数值模拟,分析了注射针头周围土壤的温度分布云图。结果表明:持续施加蒸汽7min、停止通蒸汽35min后,在半径10cm内、深度21cm范围内,土壤的温度能保持在90℃以上,验证了蒸汽输送装置结构的合理性。Soil borne diseases and pests seriously restrict the development of facilities cultivation. Compared with other soil disinfection methods, steam disinfection has many advantages. High temperature steam was used to kill the pests and grass in the soil, and the permeability and drainage of the soil was enhanced. This method has no pollution to the environment. Based on the overall structure of pulse type soil steam sterilizer, the key structural parameters of steam tray, such as syringe needle, steam cover and distance between needle and number of needle, were designed. The numerical simulation of soil heat transfer model was carried out by Fluent software. After applying the steam for 7min, the temperature of the soil can be kept above 90 degrees C within the radius 10cm and the depth of 21cm. This study validates the rationality of the structure of the steam conveying device.

关 键 词：土壤消毒机 蒸汽输送装置 土传病虫害 蒸汽消毒 数值模拟 

分 类 号：S223.1[农业科学—农业机械化工程]