坪山河水质时空演变规律研究  

Study on Spatial and Temporal Evolution of Water Quality in Pingshan River

作　　者：吴燕霞 牛存稳[2] 陈建[1] 苏辉东 车丁 WU Yanxia;NIU Cunwen;CHEN Jian;SU Huidong;CHE Ding(North China University of Water Conservancy and Hydropower,Zhengzhou 450000,China;State Key Laboratory for Water Cycle Simulation and Regulation in China's Water Conservancy and Hydropower Research Basin,Beijing 100038,China;Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001,China)

机构地区：[1]华北水利水电大学,河南郑州450000 [2]中国水利水电科学研究院流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室,北京100038 [3]河北农业大学,河北保定071001

出　　处：《人民珠江》2019年第2期63-69,共7页Pearl River

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(2015CB452701);国家自然科学基金项目(51379215;51779272);"流域水循环模拟与调控"国家重点实验室自主研究课题(2016ZY03)

摘　　要：城市河流水污染防治越来越受到重视,识别河流水质的主要污染物指标和时空变化规律是水质评价和水环境治理的基础性工作。以中国南方典型城市雨源型河流——深圳市坪山河流域为研究对象,利用主成分分析法评价了坪山河3个断面(碧岭、红花潭、上洋) 5年的水质现状(2011年1月至2015年12月)和时空变异特征。结果表明:上游碧岭的水质最好,介于Ⅱ类水与劣Ⅴ类水之间。中游的红花潭和下游的上洋断面水质常年为劣Ⅴ类水。通过污染程度排名,水质总体有变好趋势。坪山河主要超标污染物为氨氮、砷、硫化物和粪大肠菌群,3个断面的主要污染物成分出现了一定的变化,其中氨氮是3个断面共有的主要污染物成分。研究方法和结果可以为城市河流水系水资源保护和水环境治理、污染源防治等提供决策支持。More and more attention has been paid to the prevention and control of urban river water pollution.It is the basic work of water quality assessment and water environment management to identify the main pollutant index and temporal and spatial change rule of river water quality.Taking Pingshan River Basin,a typical rain-source river in the south of China,as the research object,this paper used the principal component analysis method to evaluate the water quality and temporal and spatial variability characteristics of three sections(Biling,Honghuatan,Shangyang)for five years(January 2011-December 2015).The results showed that the water quality of the upper Biling was the best,between the type II water and the inferior class V water.The water quality of the Shangyang section of the middle and downstream Honghuatan was inferior to the V-type water.Through the ranking of pollution levels,the water quality was getting better on the whole.The main pollutants in Pingshan River were ammonia nitrogen,arsenic,sulfide and fecal coliforms.The main pollutants in the three sections had changed.The ammonia nitrogen was the main pollutant component shared by the three sections.Research methods and results could provide decision support for water resources protection,water environment management,pollution source prevention and control in urban river water system.

关 键 词：主成分分析 水质评价 城市河流 坪山河流域 

分 类 号：TV213.4[水利工程—水文学及水资源]