溴离子对预氯化和常规水处理工艺中消毒副产物的影响  

Effects of Bromide Ions on Disinfection By-Products during Water Treatment Processes

作　　者：牛志广 张玉彬 吕志伟 张颖[2] 孙媛媛 NIU Zhi-guang;ZHANG Yu-bin;LV Zhi-wei;ZHANG Ying;SUN Yuan-yuan(School of Marine Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China;College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China;Shandong Survey and Design Institute of Water Conservancy, Jinan 250013, China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学海洋科学与技术学院,天津300072 [2]南开大学环境科学与工程学院,天津300071 [3]山东水利勘测设计院,济南250000

出　　处：《西南师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2019年第1期109-117,共9页Journal of Southwest China Normal University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51308305);国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0401108);教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划

摘　　要：为了解低质量浓度溴离子对饮用水中消毒副产物的影响,以天津市某给水厂的水源水作为实验对象,模拟整个给水处理厂工艺流程,研究了溴离子质量浓度对预氯化和混凝沉淀、过滤、消毒等水处理工艺出水中受管制的三卤甲烷(THMs)和卤乙酸(HAAs)质量浓度变化的影响,并分析了溴离子质量浓度(50～200μg·L-1)对不同水处理工艺中溴在THMs和HAAs中分配的影响.结果表明:随着溴离子质量浓度的增加,各工艺出水中的溴代三卤甲烷和总THMs的质量浓度均有一定程度的上升,三氯甲烷质量浓度则有所下降;二溴乙酸、一溴乙酸的质量浓度也有不同程度的升高,一氯乙酸质量浓度基本保持不变,二氯乙酸(DCAA)、三氯乙酸(TCAA)质量浓度逐渐下降,且各工艺出水中的DCAA和TCAA质量浓度均远高于其余几种HAAs的质量浓度;各工艺出水中THMs和HAAs的溴结合因子均升高.但是在本文设定的溴离子质量浓度变化范围内,各工艺中溴在THMs和HAAs中分配的比例分别为72%～79%和21%～28%,表明溴离子在低质量浓度情况下,对溴在THMs和HAAs中分配影响不大,且仅预氯化和消毒改变了氯代和溴代消毒副产物的比例.In order to understand the influence of low-concentration bromide ion on disinfection by-products in drinking water, a simulation experiment of drinking water treatment process has been established in this study. The effects of bromide ion(50~200 μg·L^-1 ) on trihalomethanes (trichloromethane, tribromethane, dibromochloromethane, bromodichloromethane) and haloacetic acids (chloroacetic acid, bromoacetic acid, dichloroacetic acid, dibromoacetic acid, trichloroacetic acid) during water treatment processes (pre-chlorination, coagulation sedimentation, filtration and disinfection) have been studied. With the increase of the concentration of bromine ion, the following results have been drawn that the concentration of Br-THMs and total THMs increases gradually with the increase of bromide ion concentration in different process, while the concentration of TCM decreases gradually;the concentration of DCAA and TCAA gradually decreased, while MBAA and DBAA increased, and MCAA remained stable;the bromide incorporation factors of trihalomethanes and haloacetic acids increased with the increase of bromide ion. In the range the concentration of bromine ion set in this article, the proportion of bromine in THMs and HAAs in each process was 72%~79% and 21%~28%, respectively. It shows that the low-concentration bromide ion had a little influence on the allocation of bromide between trihalomethanes and haloacetic acids. Among four unit water treatment processes, only pre-chlorination and disinfection could change the proportion of brominated disinfection by-products to chlorinated disinfection by-products.

关 键 词：溴离子 三卤甲烷 卤乙酸 预氯化 溴结合因子 水处理工艺 

分 类 号：TU991.2[建筑科学—市政工程]