2015—2017年武汉市某三甲医院发热患者及流感样病例特征分析  

Characteristics analysis of fever and influenza-like patients in a tertiary hospital in Wuhan during 2015 to 2017

作　　者：叶久红[1] 曹倩[2] 冯玲 陈铁龙[2] 张永喜[2] 桂希恩 YE Jiuhong;CAO Qian;FENG Ling;CHEN Tielong;ZHANG Yongxi;GUI Xien(Section of Public Health,Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University,Wuhan430071,China;Department of Infectious Diseases,Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University,Wuhan430071,China;Training Center of AIDS Prevention and Cure of Hubei Province,Wuhan430071,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学中南医院公共卫生科,武汉430071 [2]武汉大学中南医院感染科 [3]湖北省艾滋病临床指导培训中心

出　　处：《公共卫生与预防医学》2019年第1期109-112,共4页Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine

基　　金：湖北省自然科学基金计划项目资助(2017CFB259)

摘　　要：目的分析武汉市某三甲医院发热患者及流感样病例特点,为科学有效的防控措施提供依据。方法回顾性收集2015—2017年在武汉大学中南医院就诊的发热患者,做疾病谱及流行病学特征分析,并对流感样病例及其病原学检测结果进行统计分析。结果共计204 127名患者被纳入此项研究。在重点监测的流感样病例患者中,甲型、乙型流感病毒及肺炎支原体病原学检出阳性率均超过10%,为呼吸道病原体检出前3位。自2016年第四季度开始,流感疫情较前有所上升,其中乙型流感病例从2017年第四季度开始显著增加。同期奥司他韦在流感样病例中的使用较前有所升高,总体使用率高于病原学阳性率。结论经过加强流感样病例监控,流感疫情形势总体平稳。乙型流感发病率有逐年上升趋势,但未发生疫情暴发。及时进行抗病毒治疗对有效控制流感病毒的传播具有积极意义,值得推广应用。Objective To analyze the characteristics of fever and influenza-like illnesses(ILIs)patients in a tertiary hospital in Wuhan,and to provide evidence for effective prevention and control measures.Methods The fever patients treated at Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University during 2015-2017 were retrospectively analyzed for disease spectrum and epidemiological characteristics,the results of ILIs cases and their pathogenic tests were statistically analyzed.Results A total of 204 127 patients were included in this study.Among the patients with ILIs,the positive rates of the influenza A,B and Mycoplasma pneumoniae were all more than 10%,which as accounted for the top three respiratory pathogens.Since the fourth quarter of 2016,the influenza epidemic has increased,and the number of influenza B cases has increased significantly since the fourth quarter of 2017.In the same period,the use of oseltamivir in ILIs cases was increased,and the overall use rate was higher than the positive rate of pathogens detection.Conclusion After strengthening the surveillance of fever and ILIs cases,the influenza epidemic was generally stable.The incidence of influenza B has been increasing year by year,but no outbreaks have occurred.Timely antiviral treatment has positive significance for effectively controlling the spread of influenza virus,and it is worthy of a wider application.

关 键 词：发热 流感样病例 抗病毒治疗 

分 类 号：R183.3[医药卫生—流行病学]