深圳市某街道学龄前儿童营养状况分析  

Nutritional status of preschool children in a sub-strict of Shenzhen

作　　者：李美莉 曾紫英 胡前胜[2] LI Meili;ZENG Ziying;HU Qiansheng(Shiyan Center for Disease Prevention and Healthcare of Baoan District,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518108,China;Public Health School of Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510080,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市宝安区石岩预防保健所,广东深圳518108 [2]中山大学公共卫生学院

出　　处：《公共卫生与预防医学》2019年第1期134-136,共3页Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解辖区内学龄前儿童贫血、营养不良、肥胖发生情况在各年龄组、不同级别托幼机构的分布状况。方法基于2017年深圳市宝安区石岩街道托幼机构的儿童卫生保健工作年报表,收集相关数据。组间差异采用χ~2检验进行分析。结果 3～6岁儿童共12 761人,贫血、营养不良和肥胖发生率分别为4.90%、2.41%和3.08%。3～、4～、5～和6～各年龄组儿童贫血发生率分别为6.80%、5.21%、4.68%和3.47%,营养不良发生率分别为1.90%、1.91%、2.21%和3.81%,肥胖发生率分别为2.40%、2.73%、3.21%和3.88%。各年龄组间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。市级以上、区级、区级以下托幼机构各组儿童贫血发生率分别为4.46%、5.30%和5.81%,营养不良发生率分别为1.74%、2.62%和4.63%,肥胖发生率分别为2.57%、4.56%和2.01%。各级别组间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论学龄前儿童随着年龄的增长贫血发生率逐渐降低,而营养不良和肥胖发生率逐渐升高。区级以下托幼机构应加强膳食管理、营养方面的健康教育等,进而降低儿童营养不良、贫血的发生。Objective To estimate the prevalence of anemia,malnutrition and obesity among preschool children in different age groups and different levels of kindergarten.Methods Data were collected from the annual report of children′s health care in Shiyan sub-district of Shenzhen.χ^2-test was applied to compare the differences in these prevalence between groups.Results A total of 12 761 children aged 3-6 years old were included in the current analysis.The overall prevalence of anemia,malnutrition and obesity was 4.90%,2.41%and 3.08%,respectively.In stratified analysis by age,the prevalence of anemia in 3~、4~、5~and 6~groups was 6.80%,5.21%,4.68%and 3.47%,respectively;the corresponding prevalence of malnutrition was 1.90%,1.91%,2.21%and 3.81%,respectively;and the corresponding prevalence of obesity was 2.40%,2.73%,3.21%and 3.88%,respectively.The differences in the prevalence of these diseases were statistically significant among different age groups(P<0.05).In stratified analyses by levels of kindergarten,the prevalence of anemia in municipal and higher level,district level,and under-district level was 4.46%,5.30%and 5.81%,respectively;the corresponding prevalence of malnutrition was 1.74%,2.62%and 4.63%,respectively;and the corresponding prevalence of obesity was 2.57%,4.56%and 2.01%,respectively.Similarly,the differences in the prevalence of these diseases were statistically significantly among different kindergarten levels(P<0.05).Conclusion While the prevalence of anemia decreased with age,the prevalence of malnutrition and obesity gradually increased with age among the preschool children.The kindergarten that ranked as under-district level should improve the dietary strategy and nutritional health education,in order to reduce the occurrence of malnutrition and anemia in children.

关 键 词：托幼机构 学龄前儿童 营养状况 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]