水淹条件下秋华柳对Cd污染土壤化学性质的影响  

Effect of Salix variegata on the Chemical Properties of Cd-Contaminated Soils Under Flooding

作　　者：陈红纯 曾成城 李瑞 王婷[1] 周翠[1] 吴科君 马文超 魏虹[1] CHEN Hong-chun;ZENG Cheng-cheng;LI Rui;WANG Ting;ZHOU Cui;WU Ke-jun;MA Wen-chao;WEI Hong(Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region,Ministry of Education/Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Resources Research in Three Gorges Reservoir Region/School of Life Sciences,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;Agricultural Resources and Environment Research Institute,Guangxi Academy ofAgricultural Sciences,Nanning 530007,China;Panzhihua Tourism Bureau,Panzhihua,Sichuan 617000,China)

机构地区：[1]三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室/重庆市三峡库区植物生态与资源重点实验室/西南大学生命科学学院,重庆400715 [2]广西农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,南宁530007 [3]攀枝花市旅游局,四川攀枝花617000

出　　处：《西南大学学报（自然科学版）》2019年第2期17-26,共10页Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家国际科技合作专项(2015DFA90900);三峡后续工作库区生态与生物多样性保护专项(5000002013BB5200002);国家"十三五"重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0505305-003);中央财政林业科技推广示范资金项目(20170183)

摘　　要：为探究秋华柳(Salix variegata Franch.)在消落带水淹环境中对Cd污染土壤化学性质的影响,设置无镉处理组(Cd0)和镉浓度为2mg/kg的镉处理组(Cd2),水分设置为正常供水组及土壤表面以上5cm水淹组,所有处理组包括秋华柳种植组和无植物组.结果表明:1)秋华柳种植及水分处理均显著降低了土壤的pH值,使土壤酸碱度趋向于中性.2)所有处理及其交互作用未对土壤有机质质量分数表现出显著影响.3)秋华柳种植、水分处理及其交互作用极显著影响了土壤全氮质量分数;植物处理以及植物与Cd的交互作用显著影响土壤全磷质量分数;土壤全钾质量分数受到Cd处理、植物与水分以及水分与Cd处理之间交互作用的影响显著.水淹条件下种植秋华柳后,其土壤全氮质量分数为正常供水条件下裸地的79%;在Cd污染环境中,种植秋华柳使土壤全磷质量分数降低了15%,水分与植物的联合处理使全钾质量分数降低21%.4)与裸地正常供水组相比,水淹条件下秋华柳种植显著提高了土壤碱解氮质量分数;土壤速效磷质量分数仅受到Cd处理的影响,植物和水分处理未对土壤速效磷质量分数形成显著性影响;在无Cd环境中,与正常供水土壤相比,水淹显著降低了土壤速效磷的质量分数.研究表明,水淹条件下,秋华柳的种植显著降低土壤pH值,将对土壤中Cd离子形态产生明显影响,有利于植物对Cd的吸收.土壤营养元素的潜在供应能力有所降低,供应容量与供应强度随元素种类的变化以及外界环境的影响而表现出一定的差异性.因此,建议在秋华柳修复消落带Cd污染土壤的过程中,严格监控土壤中营养元素的质量分数,在必要的时候可在每年退水期适当施肥以促进秋华柳的生长,从而保证更好的植物修复效果.To explore the effects of Salix variegata on the pH,organic matter and nutrient contents of Cd-contaminated soils under flooding,multifactor experimental treatments were applied under two planting levels,and two moisture and two Cd concentration treatments.The two moisture treatments were control(well-watered condition)and flooding(flooding 5 cm above soil surface).Two levels of Cd addition were implemented:control(Cd0,0 mg/kg)and Cd(Cd2,2 mg/kg).Each treatment involved a planting group and a non-planting group of S.variegata.Soil pH significantly decreased under the condition of S.variegata planting and flooding,which tended to be neutral.All the three treatment factors and their interaction showed no significant influence on the organic matter content in the soil.S.variegata planting,flooding and their interaction significantly affected soil total N content.S.variegata planting,Cd and their interaction significantly influenced soil total P content.S.variegata planting,Cd and flooding and the interaction between planting and Cd significantly affected soil total K content.Soil TN content under the planting and flooding condition was 79%of the treatment of non-planting with well-watered condition.Under the condition of Cd contamination,S.variegata planting reduced the TP content of the soil by 15%,and the combination of S.variegata planting and flooding reduced TK content of the soil by 21%.Compared with the treatment of no S.variegata planting with well-watered condition,S.variegata planting significantly increased the content of soil alkali hydrolysable under flooding.Soil available P content was influenced by Cd stress and not significantly affected by S.variegata planting and flooding.Compared with the well-watered condition,flooding significantly reduced soil AP content in a Cd-free environment.The results indicated that the pH value of soil was significantly decreased under the conditions of S.variegata planting and flooding,which would have a significant effect on the Cd bioactivity in the soil,which was be

关 键 词：秋华柳 CD污染 水淹 土壤化学性质 三峡库区消落带 

分 类 号：S154.2[农业科学—土壤学] X53[农业科学—农业基础科学]