2株柴油降解菌的分离筛选及生长特性分析  

On isolation and grow characterization analysis of two diesel-degrading bacteria

作　　者：周宏飞[1] 陈玮 杨鑫星 辛德东[1] 巩菊芳[1] 孙梅好[1] ZHOU Hongfei;CHEN Wei;YANG Xinxing;XIN Dedong;GONG Jufang;SUN Meihao(College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China)

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学化学与生命科学学院,浙江金华321004

出　　处：《浙江师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2019年第1期81-87,共7页Journal of Zhejiang Normal University:Natural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30800019);浙江省重中之重学科生物学开放基金项目;浙江省大学生科技创新活动计划项目(2016R404004)

摘　　要：以0~#柴油为唯一碳源,从柴油污染土壤中分离、筛选出2株柴油降解菌(EGY和GY),通过形态、生理生化特征观察及16S rDNA序列分析鉴定菌株,利用单因素实验确定各菌株的最适培养条件,通过设计不同柴油浓度下柴油降解实验及土壤柴油降解实验分析EGY降解柴油的性能.结果表明:EGY为琼氏不动杆菌,GY为鞘脂菌属的一个新种;EGY的最适生长条件贴近油污污染的土壤环境,条件为温度25℃,pH 8.0,盐度1.5 g/L,柴油初始浓度1.5%(V_(柴油)/V_(培养基));EGY在不同柴油浓度的无机培养基中培养24 h后,在0.5%(V_(柴油)/V_(培养基))柴油浓度下具有最大降解率(41.67%±5.31%),但降解量最低;EGY在含1.0%(m_(柴油)/m_(土壤))柴油的土壤中培养10 d后,未调节盐度和调节至最适盐度的柴油降解率分别为57.80%和72.10%,而自然降解的降解率仅为15.30%.因此,EGY可作为高效的柴油降解菌修复柴油污染的土壤和水体.By using diesel as the sole carbon source, two diesel-degrading bacteria (EGY and GY) were isolated from diesel-contaminated soil. Based on the morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics and 16S rDNA sequence analysis, strains were identified. The effects of various culture parameters of pH, temperature, NaCl concentration and initial hydrocarbon concentration on diesel biodegradation rates were evaluated. In order to analyze the diesel degradation ability of EGY, diesel in soil and in inorganic salt medium at different diesel concentrations were used to test the degradation efficiency. The results showed that EGY was Acinetobacter junii and GY was a new member of Sphingobium . Optimal diesel biodegradation by EGY occurred at initial pH 8.0, 25 ℃ and initial hydrocarbon concentration of 1.5%, which was close to the oil-polluted soil environment. Thus, EGY was cultured in inorganic medium with different diesel concentrations for 24 h to analyze the diesel degradation ability. The maximum degradation rate (41.67%±5.31%) was obtained when the diesel concentration was 0.5%( V diesel / V media ), but the degradation quantity was the lowest. The degradation rates of diesel in unadjusted salinity group and the optimal salinity group were 57.80% and 72.10%, respectively, while the natural degradation rate was only 15.30%, by using EGY to remediate soil containing 1.0%( m diesel / m soil ) diesel at 25 ℃ for 10 d. It was suggested that EGY could be used for effective degradation of diesel from contaminated soil or water.

关 键 词：油污土壤 柴油降解菌 条件优化 生物修复 

分 类 号：Q939.96[生物学—微生物学]