幼苗期大田棉花耐旱性的叶绿素荧光和光合特性辅助鉴定  

Assistant identification of chlorophyll fluorescence and photosynthesis in cotton seedlings with drought-tolerance under field condition

作　　者：徐建伟 张小均[1,3] 李志博[1,3] 魏亦农[1,3] XU Jian-wei;ZHANG Xiao-jun;LI Zhi-bo;WEI Yi-nong(College of Agronomy, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China;Teaching Administration Section, Shihzi University, Shihezi 832003, China;The Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture of Xinjiang Production and Construction Group, Shihezi 832003, China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学农学院,新疆石河子832003 [2]石河子大学教务处,新疆石河子832003 [3]新疆生产建设兵团绿洲生态农业重点实验室,新疆石河子832003

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2019年第1期1-8,共8页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31360265;30800695);石河子大学新品种培育专项(YZZX201602)

摘　　要：为了建立大田棉花耐旱性叶绿素荧光和光合特性的辅助鉴定方法,以北疆棉区2类不同耐旱基因型的4个棉花品种为材料,在大田条件下研究了棉花幼苗主要光合特性和叶绿素荧光参数对不同干旱胁迫的响应。结果表明:轻度干旱胁迫时,棉花幼苗最大光化学效率(F_v/F_m)、PSII实际光化学效率(ΦPSII)、光化学猝灭系数(q P)、中短期干旱的净光合速率(P_n)、气孔导度(G_s)、蒸腾速率(T_r)随胁迫时间的延长上升,非光化学猝灭系数(q N)随胁迫时间的延长下降,但只有胁迫5 d的F_v/F_m与15 d的G_s、胞间CO_2浓度(C_i)、T_r在不同基因型间有显著差异;中度胁迫时,4个品种的ΦPSII、P_n、G_s和T_r随胁迫时间的延长略呈上升趋势,胁迫10 d的G_s和15 d的G_s、C_i、T_r在不同基因型间显著差异;重度胁迫时,棉花幼苗F_v/F_m随胁迫时间的延长轻微上升,而ΦPSII、q P、q N、P_n和G_s呈上升-下降的变化趋势,C_i和T_r呈下降-上升-下降的趋势,且胁迫5 d的F_v/F_m,15 d的F_v/F_m、q N,10 d的G_s、C_i以及15 d的P_n、G_s、C_i、T_r均在不同基因型间有显著差异。从总体看,耐旱型棉苗的F_v/F_m高于干旱敏感型棉苗,耐旱棉苗的q N低于干旱敏感型棉苗,耐旱型棉苗的光合参数均低于干旱敏感型棉苗。建议苗期大田棉花耐旱性鉴定的叶绿素荧光辅助方法为:胁迫程度重度,处理时长15 d,参数为F_v/F_m和q N;光合特性辅助方法为:胁迫程度重度,处理时长15 d,参数为P_n、G_s、C_i、T_r。In order to establish on assistant identification method for chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and photosynthesis characteristics of drought-tolerant cotton,response of photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence of cotton seedlings to drought stress was studied using four cotton varieties with different drought-tolerant genotype under field experiment in northern Xinjiang.The results showed that the maximal photochemical efficiency(Fv/Fm),the actual photochemical efficiency of PSII(ΦPSII),photochemical quenching(qP),net photosynthetic rate(P n),stomatal conductance(G s)and transpiration rate(T r)increased with the prolongaction of drought stress time,but non-photochemical quenching(qN)decreased.There were significant differences between F v/F m value measured at the fifth day and G s,intercellular CO 2 concentration(C i),T r measured at the fifteenth day in cotton with different genotypes under mild drought stress.Under medium drought stress,theΦPSII,P n,G s and T r of all seedlings increased slightly with the prolongation of stress time,there were significant difference between the G s at the tenth day and the G s,C i,T r at the fifteenth day in cotton with different genotypes.If treated with severe stress,the F v/F m showed slight rising trend,but the change trends of theΦPSII,qP,qN,P n and G s were rising-declining,and the trends of C i and T r were declining-rising-declining.There were significant differences among F v/F m at the fifth and fifteenth day,the qN at the fifteenth day,the G s and C i at the tenth and fifteenth day,the P n and T r at the fifteenth day in cotton with different genotype.Regardless of the intensity of stress,the F v/F m value of drought-tolerant cotton seedlings was higher than that of drought-sensitive cotton seedlings.The qN value of drought-tolerant cotton seedlings was lower than that of drought-sensitive cotton seedlings,and photosynthetic parameters of drought-tolerant cotton seedlings were lower than those of drought-sensitive cotton seedlings.The recommended assistant i

关 键 词：棉花 光合作用 叶绿素荧光 耐旱性 鉴定方法 

分 类 号：S562.01[农业科学—作物学]