基于淤地坝沉积信息的流域土壤侵蚀模数估算  

Calculation of Soil Erosion Modulus Based on Sedimentation Investigation of Check Dam

作　　者：史学建 王玲玲[1] 杨吉山[1] 李莉[1] SHI Xuejian;WANG Lingling;YANG Jishan;LI Li(Key Laboratory of the Loess Plateau Soil Erosion and Water Loss Process and Control of MWR, Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research, YRCC, Zhengzhou 450003, China)

机构地区：[1]黄河水利委员会黄河水利科学研究院水利部黄土高原水土流失过程与控制重点实验室,河南郑州450003

出　　处：《人民黄河》2019年第2期103-106,共4页Yellow River

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0402402);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(HKY-JBYW-2018-08)

摘　　要：准确客观评估土壤侵蚀模数是评价流域水土保持措施效益的基础。以小理河流域为调查区域,利用流域内的21座闷葫芦坝和194座排水不畅淤地坝的泥沙沉积信息,测算了闷葫芦坝和排水不畅淤地坝的淤积量,计算了每个淤地坝坝控流域的土壤侵蚀模数,分析了影响土壤侵蚀模数的因素,建立了土壤侵蚀模数与暴雨量之间的关系。结果表明:闷葫芦坝和排水不畅淤地坝拦沙模数(土壤侵蚀模数)的空间分布和暴雨空间分布具有显著的同步性,土壤侵蚀模数与暴雨量之间呈显著的线性关系。利用土壤侵蚀模数与暴雨量之间的关系式,推算2017年"7·26"暴雨下小理河流域平均侵蚀模数为16 503 t/km2。Accurately predicting the soil erosion modulus is the basis for evaluating the benefits of soil and water conservation measures in watershed harnessing. Taking the Xiaoli River watershed as an investigation area , making full use of the information of sediment deposition of the check dams , 646 check dams were investigated , of which 215 check dams were measured in detail. According to the sedimentation vol-ume of check dams , the soil erosion modulus of check dam controlling area was calculated. The results show that the spatial distribution of soil erosion modulus and the spatial distribution of rainstorm have significant synchronism. There is a significant linear function relationship between soil erosion modulus and rainstorm. Using the relationship of rainfall and soil erosion modulus , the soil erosion modulus of the Xiaoli River watershed under the rainstorm happed on 26 th July of 2017 was calculated. The soil erosion modulus of the Xiaoli River watershed under the rainstorm happed on 26 th July of 2017 was up to 16 503 t / km^2 .

关 键 词：土壤侵蚀模数 沉积信息 降雨-侵蚀关系 淤地坝 小理河流域 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]