1843例泌尿系结石患者结石成分分析  

Analysis of composition of urinary calculi in 1 843 cases

作　　者：梁健鹏 张天禹[1] 杨芳[1] 尉毅 戴金龙 陈树 LIANG Jianpeng;ZHANG Tianyu;YANG Fang;WEI Yi;DAI Jinlong;CHEN Shu(Department of Urology,Affiliated Hospital of Guilin MedicalUniversity,Guilin,Guangxi 541000,China)

机构地区：[1]桂林医学院附属医院泌尿外科,广西桂林541000

出　　处：《重庆医学》2019年第4期630-633,共4页Chongqing medicine

基　　金：广西自然科学基金项目(2015GXNSFDA139027)

摘　　要：目的分析桂北地区泌尿系结石患者发病情况及结石成分特点,并研究个体化饮食预防指导对结石复发的临床意义。方法收集2011年6月至2017年12月该院1 843例泌尿系结石患者的结石标本,采用红外光谱法分析结石成分;对2015年1月至2016年12月出院的520例患者进行随访,其中242例给予饮食预防指导(观察组),278例未给予饮食预防指导(对照组),1年后随访,比较两组复发率。结果 1 843例泌尿系结石患者中男女患者比例为2.01∶1.00;中年患者(41～65岁)所占比例最高(67.66%);少年(<18岁)、青年(18～<41岁)、中年(41～65岁)患者以肾结石为主,老年患者(>65岁)以膀胱结石为主;一水草酸钙+碳酸磷灰石+二水草酸钙组成的混合结石所占比例最高(28.90%);随访患者中,观察组结石复发率(6.61%)较对照组结石复发率(23.38%)低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论桂北地区尿路结石患者主要为男性、中年患者,主要结石成分为草酸钙结石,个体化饮食预防指导可有效降低结石的复发风险。Objective To analyze the incidence and characteristics of calculi components in patients with urinary calculi in northern Guangxi,and to investigate the clinical significance of individualized dietary prevention guidance for the recurrence urinary calculi. Methods A total of 1 843 calculi specimens were collected from patients with urinary calculi treated in this hospital from June 2011 to December 2017,and calculi components were detected by infrared spectroscopy.A total of 520 cases of patients who discharged from January 2015 to December 2016 were followed up,of which 242 cases were given dietary prevention guidance (the observation group),and the other 278 cases were not given dietary prevention guidance (the control group).After 1 year follow-up,the recurrence rate was compared between the two groups. Results The ratio of male to female patients was 2.01∶1.00;the proportion of middle-aged patients (41-65 years old) was the highest ( 67.66 %).The juveniles (<18 years old),young people (18-<41 years old) and the middle-aged (41-65 years old) patients mainly were diagnosed with kidney stones,while the elderly patients (>65 years old) was mainly diagnosed with bladder stones.The mixed stones composed of calcium oxalate monohydrate,carbonate apatite and calcium oxalate dihydrate were accounted for the highest proportion (28.90%).Among the follow-up patients,the recurrence rate of urinary calculi in the observation group (6.61%) was lower than that in the control group (23.38%),the difference was statistically significant ( P <0.05). Conclusion Urinary calculi in the northern of Guangxi are mainly male and middle-aged patients.The main calculi component is calcium oxalate stone.Individualized dietary prevention guidance can effectively reduce the risk of urinary calculi recurrence.

关 键 词：尿路结石 结石成分 饮食指导 复发 

分 类 号：R691.4[医药卫生—泌尿科学]