“灸疮”考辩  

Textual Research on “Post-moxibustion Sore”

作　　者：马芳芳[1] 王一辰[1] 林殷[1] 廖艳[1] 张聪[1] 潘诗霞 柯秀慧 赵丰润 李孟慧 韩悦 Ma Fangfang;Wang Yichen;Lin Yin;Liao Yan;Zhang Cong;Pan Shixia;Ke Xiuhui;Zhao Fengrun;Li Menghui;Han Yue(Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Life Nurturing and Rehabilitation,School of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学中医养生康复系,北京100029

出　　处：《世界中医药》2019年第2期385-389,共5页World Chinese Medicine

基　　金：北京市教委共建项目(521/010120201)

摘　　要：古人有"灸必发疮"方能奏效之说,本文通过考辩灸疮出处、医理及其坏证以明辩真伪。灸疮最早出自汉代《武威汉代医简》《金匮要略》,本义为灸后灼伤疮疡,至晋代《针灸甲乙经》始有用草鞋热烫促使灸疮感染化脓的记载,"发灸疮"法成为化脓灸的标志。考化脓灸须在辨证选穴正确前提下,兼气血充盛、取穴准、灸量足三因素方可得效;若艾灸过度、选穴不准、触犯外邪、护养不当则易产生坏证。历代医家对灸疮安全性和疗效提出质疑,提出禁用八木之火、设禁灸穴以防其害。临床证实灸感"气至"为灸法得效标志,"灸必发疮"之说多系古人为加强灸量刺激达到"气至"得效标准,而过度艾灸所致,非特指灸法得效标志。There is an old saying that moxibustion,leading to sore,is effective.This paper investigated the source of post-moxibustion sore,principal of medical science and the bad disease to testify the old saying.Post-moxibustion sore was firstly recorded in Wuwei Medical Bamboo Slips of Han Dynasty and Synopsis of Golden Chamber written in Han Dynasty.The original meaning was ulceration from burning by post-moxibustion.Post-moxibustion sores have been perceived as the sign of the moxibustion of resolving pus since A-B Classic of Acupuncture and Moxibustion and has the records of purulent infection on moxibustion sore resulted by hot straw sandals in Jin dynasty.With syndrome differentiation and acupoints selection principles,the moxibustion of resolving pus can be effective on the basis of sufficient qi and blood,correct acupoints selection,enough quantitative moxibustion.Otherwise it may result in bad symptoms,if it is with the excessive moxibustion,incorrect acupoints selection,and improper nursing.The safety and efficacy of post-moxibustion sore has been questioned by the later medical master in every dynasty.It was suggested that 8 kinds of wood fire were forbidden.Acupoints that were forbidden to do acupuncture,were set to prevent the harmfulness.It was proved by clinical practice that moxibustion sensation of“Arrival of Qi”has proved the sign of moxibustion effects.Therefore,the old saying that moxibustion must lead to sore,meant that acupuncture quantity were strengthened in order to meet the standard of qi arrival,but not the result of excessive moxibustion.It was not the sign of effective moxibustion therapy.

关 键 词：灸法 艾灸 灸疮 发灸疮 化脓灸 灸感 灸效 考辩 

分 类 号：R245[医药卫生—针灸推拿学]