中国篮球职业化改革中的属地经营问题研究  

Franchise Problems in the Professional Reform of China's Basketball

作　　者：何强 HE Qiang(Dept.of PE,Nanjing University of Finance and Economics,Nanjing 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]南京财经大学体育部,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《天津体育学院学报》2018年第4期286-292,共7页Journal of Tianjin University of Sport

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(项目编号:18BTY031)

摘　　要：采用文献资料法,以属地经营为理论切入点,审视中国篮球职业化改革实践,剖析现实困境并探讨化解之策。认为:属地经营本质上将"球队"与"城市"镶嵌在一起,通过职业体育联盟,以集体利益来规范俱乐部的市场行为,确保单个俱乐部的市场行为不会有损整个职业体育联盟。这些规范(包括球员选秀与招募、球员薪资上限、场馆和空间位置、电视转播权的销售与分成等)促成垄断经济和高质量的体育竞赛及相关产品,发展和维系球迷对职业体育的认同感和忠诚度。中国篮球职业化改革中需要系统地解决好属地城市数量、俱乐部资质、合理的准入和分配制度、平衡的电视转播权运营、完善的球员工会与裁判员工会组织、完善的约束与集体谈判制度、明确的职业联盟社会责任建设和深入的"体教社融合"等方面。厘清改革重点、关键点和难点,形成以明确和发展"封闭"的联盟组织形式为重点,以创新职业联盟这一基本主体的运营机制为关键,以提高球迷认同感和忠诚度为难点的综合治理格局。The purpose of this paper is to examine the practice of Chinese basketball professional reform,to analyze the dilemma and the solutions based on the franchise management.It is believed that the franchise management essentially embellishes the“team”and the“city”.Through the professional sports alliance,the market behavior of individual club will be regulated by collective interests,which will not be detrimental to the entire professional sports league.These rules(including player drafts and recruitment,salary caps,venues and space locations,sales and share of TV rights,etc.)contribute to monopoly economy and highquality sports competitions,could develop and maintain the fans'sense of identity and loyalty in professional sports.The Chinese basketball professional reform,which started late,needs to solve systematically the quantities of territorial cities,club qualifications,reasonable access and distribution systems,balanced TV broadcasting rights,players union and referees union,collective bargaining,clear social alliance construction of professional alliances,and integration of physical education and social institutions.Clarify the main points,key points and difficulties of the reform,defining and developing a“closed”alliance organization,focusing on the operational mechanism of the basic body of the innovative professional alliance,improving the sense of identity and loyalty of the fans.

关 键 词：职业篮球 属地经营 垄断经济 综合治理 

分 类 号：G80-05[文化科学—运动人体科学] G841[文化科学—体育学]