农村婚嫁习俗彩礼的数量与功能变迁实证研究——以宁夏回族自治区五个农村地区为例  

Quantitative and Functional Changes of Rural Betrothal Gifts——A Case Study of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region

作　　者：崔明堂[1] CUI Ming-tang(Institute of Political Science and Law,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学政法学院,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《沈阳农业大学学报（社会科学版）》2018年第6期684-689,共6页Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区软科学项目(NXKX2013039)

摘　　要：用于彩礼的货币支出增量变迁受到社会的普遍关注,但不同时期不同地域彩礼的数量、功能也都各不相同。在对宁夏回族自治区五个农村地区的深入、持续调查研究及分析的基础上发现:经济的快速发展、适婚男女比例失调和"并家"现象共存,以及代际及朋辈间的剥削思想等共同促使了彩礼数量上涨;彩礼在传统文化传承、婚姻有效担保、平衡家庭人力资源配置、破坏家风异化民俗和诱发农村离婚率上升等方面的正负功能伴随而生。因此,应通过调整男女比例关系,实质性提高妇女地位;深化农村社会保险和医疗保险改革;强化农村婚嫁法治化建设,加强农村意识形态建设;加速发展农村经济;全面提高农村教育水平,深层次、多维度引导农村婚姻的理性消费,遏制高额彩礼,为乡村振兴战略的实施打下坚实的精神文明建设基础。As the incremental change of the currency expenditure for the betrothal gifts is widely paid attention by the society,the quantities and functions of rural betrothal gifts are different from time to time and from area to area.An in-depth and continuous investigation and analysis of five rural areas in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region shows that the following factors have caused the increase of betrothal gifts:the rapid development of economy,the imbalance of the proportion of marriageable men to marriageable women,the integration of the betrothal gifts of the bridegroom-to-be with the ones of the groom-to-be,the malpractices caused by urbanization and the concept of exploitation existing in the same generation and different generations.Betrothal gifts have positive effects,such as inheriting traditional culture,protecting marriage effectively and balancing the allocation of family resources.They also have negative effects,such as destructing traditional customs,increasing rural divorce rate,decreasing familyowned social wealth and producing poverty.It is put forward that the status of women should be substantially enhanced by balancing gender ratio;the reform of rural social insurance and medical insurance deepened;the legal cost of divorce increased;the construction of rural ideology strengthened;rural economy developed more rapidly;and education improved comprehensively.It is necessary to guide the idea of consumption rationally and curb the high prices of betrothal gifts so as to lay a solid foundation for the spiritual civilization construction in rural areas.

关 键 词：农村婚嫁 彩礼 数量变迁 功能变迁 新农村文化建设 

分 类 号：C913.1[经济管理] F328[社会学]