探测器月地转移入射变轨策略优化设计  

Optimization Design of Spacecraft Trans-earth Insertion Strategy

作　　者：汪中生[1] 孟占峰[1] 高珊[1] 周文艳[1] WANG Zhongsheng;MENG Zhanfeng;GAO Shan;ZHOU Wenyan(Beijing Institute of Spacecraft System Engineering,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]北京空间飞行器总体设计部,北京100094

出　　处：《航天器工程》2019年第1期10-18,共9页Spacecraft Engineering

摘　　要：在探测器月球采样返回任务中,从环绕月球的轨道返回地球的转移入射考虑采用一次变轨或两次变轨的方案。其中,月地转移入射一次变轨方案要求采用大推力变轨发动机,难以实现高精度轨道控制。为此,文章提出将月地转移入射一次变轨机动改为分两次执行,两次间隔大约1天的优化策略。首先讨论了月地转移入射一次变轨的基本设计方法,然后给出了月地转移入射两次变轨方案的优化设计算法流程,并采用数值算例进行了说明。此外,还对月地转移入射三脉冲变轨方案和低能月地转移轨道展开了讨论,并在多方案比较分析的基础上,推荐了月球采样返回任务采用的月地转移入射变轨策略。In a typical lunar sample return mission,one-impulse or two-impulse strategy can be adopted for the trans-earth insertion maneuver.It is found in this study that the use of an engine with large magnitude thrust is necessary for one-impulse strategy,which however may lead to poor orbital control performance.It is proposed in the study that the one-impulse strategy be replaced by a two-impulse strategy,with about one-day time difference between the execution times of the two maneuvers.The paper first addresses the basic design procedure of one-impulse strategy,then an optimization procedure is introduced for the design of two-impulse strategy,with numerical examples for the purpose of illustration.Also discussed in the paper are the design procedures of three-impulse trans-earth insertion strategy and low-energy moon-to-earth transfer trajectory.Based on the comparison study of these strategies,the appropriate trans-earth insertion strategies are recommended for the lunar sample return missions.

关 键 词：月球采样返回 月地转移入射变轨策略 优化设计 

分 类 号：V476.4[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]