2017年5月长三角地区一次沙尘重污染天气成因分析  

Formation analysis of a heavy dust pollution event in the Yangtze River Delta in May 2017

作　　者：霍彦峰[1,2,3,4] 邓学良 弓中强[5] 杨关盈[1] 孙强[6] 翟菁 于彩霞[1] HUO Yan-feng;DENG Xue-liang;GONG Zhong-qiang;YANG Guan-ying;SUN Qiang;ZHAI Jing;YU Cai-xia(Anhui Institute of Meteorological Sciences,Hefei 230031,China;Key Laboratory for Atmospheric Sciences &Remote Sensing of Anhui Province,Hefei 230031,China;Shouxian National Climate Observatory,Shouxian232200,China;0x09Huaihe River Basin Typical Farmland Ecological Meteorological Field Science ExperimentBase of China Meteorological Administration,Shouxian 232200,China;Anhui Meteorological Observatory,Hefei 230031,China;Xuzhou Meteorological Service,Xuzhou 221000,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽省气象科学研究所,安徽合肥230031 [2]安徽省大气科学与卫星遥感重点实验室,安徽合肥230031 [3]寿县国家气候观象台,安徽寿县232200 [4]中国气象局淮河流域典型农田生态气象野外科学试验基地,安徽寿县232200 [5]安徽省气象台,安徽合肥230031 [6]徐州市气象局,江苏徐州221000

出　　处：《气象与环境学报》2019年第1期26-34,共9页Journal of Meteorology and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金(41705014);淮河流域气象开放研究基金(HRM201508);安徽省环保科研项目(2016-04);安徽省公益性研究联动计划项目(1604f0804003)共同资助

摘　　要：利用地面污染物监测数据、常规气象数据,ECMWF再分析数据以及L-波段无线电探空数据,并结合后向轨迹模型,对2017年5月长三角地区的一次沙尘重污染天气过程进行成因分析。结果表明:此次沙尘重污染过程是天气系统、地面及边界层气象条件共同作用的结果。东亚大槽东移、冷空气南下并配合地面高压的发展使河西走廊、宁夏大部、内蒙古西部出现沙尘天气,为后期长三角地区沙尘的输送提供了沙源; 850 h Pa上较大的风速为上游沙尘源区向下游长三角地区输送提供了通道;高压中心的下沉运动和白天增强的热对流活动使得高层沙尘影响地面具备了足够的动力条件;当沙尘抵达长三角上游地区后,不断减弱的冷空气和趋于静稳的近地面形势不利于污染物扩散,加剧了此次污染过程。Based on surface air pollutant monitoring data,conventional meteorological data,the Europe Center for Medium Range Weather Forecast (ECMWF) reanalysis data and the L-band radiosonde observations,a heavy dust pollution event occurred in the Yangtze River Delta on May 5-7,2017 was analyzed in the combination of using a backward trajectory model.The results show that this dust pollution event is influenced by the weather system,surface meteorological factors,and boundary layer conditions.The eastward movement of East Asian rough,the southward movement of cold air,as well as the development of high pressure at surface lead to the occurrence of dust weather in the Hexi Corridor region,most of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region and the western Inner Mongolia,which provide dust source for dust transport to the Yangtze River Delta region.Strong winds at 850 hPa favor the transport of dust particles from the upstream dust source region to downstream region.The descending movement of air at the high-pressure center and the enhancing convection in the daytime provide dynamic conditions for the effect of dust at high altitudes to the surface.As dust particles arrive in the Yangtze River Delta,cold air becomes weak and the near-surface layer remains stable,which is unfavorable for the pollutant dispersion and results in the heavy pollution event.

关 键 词：沙尘 重污染 天气形势 边界层 后向轨迹 

分 类 号：P404[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]