连续种植不同绿肥的土壤团聚体碳分布及其固持特征  

Distribution and sequestration of aggregate organic carbon affected by continuous different kind of green manure cultivation

作　　者：张钦 于恩江[2] 林海波 张爱华 陈正刚[1] 朱青[1] 曹卫东[4] 姚单君 ZHANG Qin;YU En-jiang;LIN Hai-bo;ZHANG Ai-hua;CHEN Zheng-gang;ZHU Qing;CAO Wei-dong;YAO Dan-jun(Guizhou Institute of Soil and Fertilizer,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guizhou Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Arable Land Conservation and Agriculture Environment(Guizhou),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Guizhou Guiyang 550006;Soil and Fertilizer Station of Guizhou,Guizhou Guiyang 550003;Guizhou University,Guizhou Guiyang 550025;Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081)

机构地区：[1]贵州省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所/贵州省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所/农业农村部贵州耕地保育与农业环境科学观测试验站,贵州贵阳550006 [2]贵州大学,贵州贵阳550025 [3]贵州省土壤肥料工作总站,贵州贵阳550003 [4]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2019年第1期71-78,共8页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：贵州省科学技术基金项目(黔科合LH字[2014]7702号);贵州省社发攻关项目(黔科合[2016]支撑2837);国家绿肥产业技术体系(CARS-22);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201103005)

摘　　要：为探讨连续种植绿肥对土壤团聚体碳的影响,以箭筈豌豆(Vicia sativa L.)、肥田萝卜(Raphanussativus L.)、蓝花苕子(Viciacracca L.)、毛叶苕子(Viciavillosa Roth)、光叶苕子(Viciavillosa var.)为研究对象,分析连续种植不同绿肥条件下的土壤团聚体碳含量、分布、富集及固持特征。结果表明:清耕条件下的土壤有机碳含量在空间分布上变化较小,种植的绿肥作物不同使得土壤有机碳含量、土壤团聚体有机碳含量在空间分布上产生变化,在0～20 cm土层中,光叶苕子提升效果较为明显,而在20～40 cm土层中肥田萝卜提升效果较为明显,其中,两者对5～0.25 mm粒径的土壤团聚体碳含量提升最为显著。土壤团聚体碳含量随着粒径减小而呈现下降的趋势,各粒径土壤有机碳的富集系数在1.23与0.88之间,且随着粒径的减小呈现下降的趋势,在>1 mm粒径中,几乎所有处理富集系数均大于1,处于积累状态,>0.25 mm粒径的团聚体碳贡献率占了80%以上,其中>5 mm粒径的碳贡献率最大,且在不同绿肥之间差异较大,0.5～0.25 mm粒径的碳贡献率最小。连续种植绿肥,土壤总有机碳的积累随着各粒径土壤团聚体有机碳含量的增加而增加,总有机碳与5～0.5 mm粒径的团聚体碳含量显著相关,且5～1 mm粒级土壤团聚体的增加对土壤总有机碳积累的影响较为突出,连续种植绿肥促进了有机碳在大团聚体中的固持。In order to investigate the effect of long-term green manure cultivation on the composition,distribution and sequestration of the organic carbon in soil aggregates,six treatments are chosen for this research,namely,Clean tillage,Vicia sativa L.,Raphanussativus L.,Viciacracca L.,Viciavillosa Roth,and Viciavillosa var.The result shows that the composition of organic carbon varies little in spatial distribution under clean tillage,however,compositions of both the organic carbon and aggregate organic carbon are changed under green manure cultivation.At 0~20 cm soil depth,Viciavillosa var.has significant increased,so does Raphanussativus L.at 20~40 cm soil depth and in particular,the content of aggregate organic carbon of 5~0.25 mm in both of them increased most significantly.The composition of aggregate organic carbon decreases with decreasing grade in all of the six green manures cultivation.The enrichment coefficient of aggregate organic carbon is between 1.23 and 0.88 and it decreases with decreasing grade.The treatments of EC of>1 mm are almost bigger than 1 and it means they are in the accumulation phase.The contributing rates of aggregate organic carbon of>0.25 mm is more than 80%,of which,the rate of>5 mm is the biggest one and the difference of it is great between different green manure.The contributing rate of aggregate organic carbon of 0.5~0.25 mm is the smallest of all.The soil organic carbon content increases with increasing aggregate organic carbon content.The soil organic carbon content has significantly positive relation with aggregate organic carbon of 5~0.5 mm under long-term green manure cultivation.And the increase of aggregate organic carbon of 5~1 mm has a great influence on the accumulation of soil organic carbon content so planting green manure promotes the sequestration of aggregate organic carbon in macro-aggregates.

关 键 词：有机碳 土壤团聚体碳 绿肥 分布 固持 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学]