不同农业废弃物生物炭及施用量对土壤pH值和保水保氮能力的影响  

The effects of different agricultural waste biochars and application rates on soil pH,water holding capacity and N adsorption

作　　者：吴愉萍 王明湖 席杰君 潘洁 陈玲瑜 连瑛 孙辉 周萍 WU Yu-ping;WANG Ming-hu;XI Jie-jun;PAN Jie;CHEN Ling-yu;LIAN Ying;SUN Hui;ZHOU Ping(Ningbo Agricultural Produces Safety Management Station,Ningbo Zhejiang 315012;Ningbo General Plant Management Station,Ningbo Zhejiang 315012;Zhejiang Tanji Technology Co.Ltd.,Hangzhou Zhejiang 310100)

机构地区：[1]宁波市农产品质量安全管理总站,浙江宁波315012 [2]宁波市种植业管理总站,浙江宁波315012 [3]浙江炭极科技有限公司,浙江杭州310100

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2019年第1期87-92,共6页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：宁波市农科教结合项目(编号:2014NK43)

摘　　要：以黄秋葵秸秆炭(HQK)、茭白秸秆炭(JB)、水稻秸秆炭(SD)、废弃食用菌基质炭(JZ)、无花果秸秆炭(WHG)、猪粪炭(SM)和稻壳炭(DK)为供试原料,设置0.5%、1%、2%和5%4个添加浓度,研究不同生物炭及添加量对土壤pH值和保水保氮性能的影响。结果发现,所有生物炭添加量在2%时,均能显著提高土壤pH值,但不同生物炭调酸能力不同,JB和SD作用最强;生物炭能提高土壤持水能力,添加量在2%时,所有处理均极显著(P<0.01)的提高了土壤持水量,增幅分布在2.87%～12.30%之间,SD效果最明显;生物炭能够吸附土壤溶液中NH_4^+-N,但吸附能力与生物炭的添加量无相关性,WHG吸附能力最强,JZ和HQK吸附能力最弱;添加生物炭对土壤溶液中的NO_3^--N则基本无吸附作用。Seven agricultural waste biochars made from okra straw(HQK),wild rice stem straw(JB),rice straw(SD),waste edible fungus matrix(JZ),fig stem(WHG),swine manure(SM)and rice husk(DK)were used to detect the effects of different kinds and application rates(0.5%,1%,2%and 5%)of biochars on soil pH,water holding capacity and N adsorption.The results showed that at the application rates of 2%,all the biochars significantly increased soil pH,in which JB and SD increased most,and significantly increased soil water holding capacity with the increasing rates of 2.87%~12.30%,in which SD increased most.Biochar could adsorb NH4^+-N in soil solution,but the adsorption ability was not related to the application rates of biochar.WHG showed the strongest adsorption ability.The adsorption ability of JZ and HQK was the weakest.Adding biochars showed no effects on adsorption of NO3^--N in soil solution.

关 键 词：生物炭 土壤 pH值 持水量 NH4^+-N NO3^--N 

分 类 号：S153[农业科学—土壤学]