新型聚氨酸增效肥料对小白菜根系活性与产量的影响  

Effect of new type synergist of poly amino acid fertilizer on pakchoi root activity and yield

作　　者：李杰[1] 卢宗云[1] 石元亮[1] 张蕾[1] 王玲莉[1] 聂宏光[1] 张鹰 李忠[1] 魏占波[1] LI Jie;LU Zong-yun;SHI Yuan-liang;ZHANG Lei;WANG Ling-li;NIE Hong-guang;ZHANG Ying;LI Zhong;WEI Zhan-bo(Institute of Applied Ecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang Liaoning 110016)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,辽宁沈阳110016

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2019年第1期134-139,共6页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：吉林省与中国科学院科技合作高技术产业化专项资金项目"稳定高效同步营养肥的研制与应用"(2018SYHZ0030);国家重点研发计划项目"新型缓/控释肥料与稳定肥料研制"(2017YFD0200708);辽宁省博士科研启动基金指导计划项目"低聚度脲甲醛肥料研制及效果研究"(20170520106);沈阳市科技计划项目"磷矿(肥)铀分布调查及无铀磷肥生产技术联合攻关"(17-156-6-00)

摘　　要：为探究新型聚氨酸增效肥料增产节肥的作用途径和机理,采用盆栽试验方法,研究该肥料对土壤养分可利用性、小白菜植株的养分吸收能力和同化能力的影响。结果表明:与普通肥料相比,施用新型聚氨酸增效肥料后,使土壤微生物量碳、微生物量氮、脲酶、磷酸酶和脱氢酶分别增加3.0%～33.3%、7.1%～7.8%、7.4%～21.2%、4.7%～26.9%和9.6%～36.3%;根系生物量显著增加34.33%～80.33%,根系活力显著增强8.3%～63.3%,导致植株养分吸收能力大幅提高;收获后,小白菜鲜重、植株中碳、氮、磷和钾含量分别显著提高15.7%、15.0%、13.5%、23.9%和20.4%。说明新型聚氨酸增效肥料能够通过加强植株根系养分吸收能力,促进微生物、酶活性和调节养分可利用性来提高蔬菜产量,适宜在农业生产中推广应用。In order to study the way and mechanism of increasing production and fertilizer efficiency of new polyamine synergistic fertilizer,a pot experiment was conducted to study the effect of the fertilizer on soil nutrient availability,nutrient absorption capacity and assimilation ability of Pakchoi plants.The results showed that compared with ordinary fertilizer,the application of the new type poly synergist amino acid fertilizer significantly increased the soil microbial biomass carbon,nitrogen,urease,phosphatase and dehydrogenase by 3.0%~33.3%,7.1%~7.8%,7.4%~21.2%,4.7%~26.9%and 9.6%~36.3%,respectively.The root biomass and root activity increased by 34.33%~80.33%and 8.3%~63.3%,respectively,which led to plant nutrient uptake ability significantly enhanced.After harvest,pakchoi fresh weight,carbon,nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium content in plant were significantly increased by 15.7%,15.0%,13.5%,23.9%and 20.4%,respectively.This indicated that the new type synergist of poly amino acid fertilizer can improve vegetable yield by enhancing plant root nutrient absorption capacity and promoting microbial and enzyme activities to regulate nutrient availability,and therefore should be popularized and applied in agricultural production.

关 键 词：新型聚氨酸增效肥料 小白菜 产量 普通肥料 土壤养分 

分 类 号：S634.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]