苹果省力化修剪管理措施效果分析  

The analysis of the effect of labor-saving pruning managements in apple orchard

作　　者：李寒[1,2] 郝赛鹏 郭素萍 齐国辉[1,2] 张雪梅 孙萌[1,2] LI Han;HAO Saipeng;GUO Suping;QI Guohui;ZHANG Xuemei;SUN Meng(College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000,China;Research Center for Walnut Engineering and Technology of Hebei, Lincheng 054300,China;City Service Property Services Limited Company,Beijing 100015,China.)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学林学院,河北保定071000 [2]河北省核桃工程技术研究中心,河北临城054300 [3]幸福基业物业服务有限公司,北京100015

出　　处：《林业与生态科学》2019年第1期77-81,共5页Forestry and Ecological Sciences

基　　金：河北省科技支撑计划项目(16236807D)

摘　　要：为探明苹果省力化修剪管理措施的效果,2016年在河北省邢台县浆水镇前南峪村苹果示范基地,采用田间调查、室内分析等方法,研究了苹果园不同修剪方式下的用工量、冠层光照强度、树体冠幅及其对果实品质的影响,结果表明:与常规修剪方法相比,省力化修剪每667m2用工减少2.3个,省工23%,每667m2年用工成本节省161元;省力化修剪和常规修剪方式的树冠上层相对光照强度分别为56.47%、37.07%,中层相对光照强度分别为33.14%、21.81%,下层相对光照强度分别为13.78%、8.01%,省力化修剪方式的各层相对光照强度均极显著高于常规修剪方式;省力化修剪方式的平均单果重为288.01g,果实单株产量为42.05kg,显著高于常规修剪方式,省力化修剪方式的果实可溶性固形物含量为14.58%,显著高于常规修剪方式。In order to study the effect of labor-saving pruning managements,field investigation and laboratory analysis methods were used to study the quantity of labor and light intensities and fruit quality of different pruning managements in apple demonstration base of Qiannanyu village,Jiangshui township,Xingtai county,Hebei province.The results showed that the labor of labor-saving pruning reduced labor by 2.3 per 667 m^2 and saved the labor of 23%,and that labor-saving pruning method saved the cost of 161 yuan per 667 m^2,compared with that of conventional pruning.The relative light intensities of the upper crown were 56.47%and 37.07%,respectively,the relative light intensities of the middle layer crown were 33.14%and 21.81%,and the relative light intensities of the lower layer crown were 13.78%and 8.01%;and the relative light intensities of labor-saving pruning of each layer were significantly higher than that of conventional pruning.The average fruit weights of labor-saving pruning was 288.01 g,fruit yields per plant was 42.05 kg,which were both significantly higher than those of conventional pruning;in the inner quality of the fruit,the soluble solids contents of labor-saving pruning was 14.58%,which was higher than that of conventional pruning treatment.

关 键 词：苹果 省力化 修剪 果实品质 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]