2016年夏季北冰洋浮冰站近地层辐射和湍流通量观测  

Observation of surface radiation and turbulent flux on drift ice over the Arctic Ocean in summer 2016

作　　者：沈辉[1] 杨清华 孙启振[1] 孙晓宇[1] 赵杰臣[1] 张林[1] Shen Hui;Yang Qinghua;Sun Qizhen;Sun Xiaoyu;Zhao Jiechen;Zhang Lin(Key Laboratory of Research on Marine Hazards Forecasting,State Oceanic Administration,National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center,Beijing 100081,China;Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Climate Change and Natural Disaster Studies,School of Atmospheric Sciences,Sun Yat-sen University,Zhuhai 519082,China;Southern Laboratory of Ocean Science and Engineering(Zhuhai),Zhuhai 519082,China)

机构地区：[1]国家海洋环境预报中心国家海洋局海洋灾害预报技术研究重点实验室,北京100081 [2]中山大学大气科学学院广东省气候变化与自然灾害研究重点实验室,广东珠海519082 [3]南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海),广东珠海519082

出　　处：《海洋学报》2019年第3期12-22,共11页

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2016YFC1402705;2018YFA0605903);国家自然科学基金(41376005;41376188;41706223)

摘　　要：2016年8月7-14日中国第七次北极科学考察期间,在83°N附近设立的长期浮冰站开展了辐射和湍流通量观测研究。结果表明,观测期间反照率变化范围为0.64～0.92,平均反照率为0.78;基于现场观测数据评估了PW79、HIRHAM、ARCSYM和CCSM3 4种不同复杂度的反照率参数化方案在天气尺度的表现,最为复杂的CCSM3结果优于其他参数化方案,但不能体现降雪条件下的反照率快速增长。浮冰区冰雪面平均净辐射为18.10 W/m^2,平均感热通量为1.73 W/m^2,平均潜热通量为5.55 W/m^2,海冰表面消融率为(0.30±0.22)cm/d,表明此时北冰洋浮冰正处于快速消融期。冰面的平均动量通量为0.098 (kg·m/s)/(m^2·s),动量通量与风速有很好的对应关系,相关系数达0.80。The surface radiation and turbulent fluxes over 82°N drifting ice in the Arctic Ocean in summer were measured from August 7 to August 14 during the Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition in 2016(CHINARE2016).The results show that the surface albedo of drifting ice range from 0.64 to 0.92 with an average of 0.78.Four different snow/ice albedo parameterizations(PW79,HIRHAM,ARCSYM and CCSM3)which are used in a variety of climate models are evaluated by comparing with the in-situ observations,the most complex CCSM3 scheme agreed best with the observations,but cannot well capture the rapid increasing of albedo which is induced by snowfall.The average sensible heat flux,latent heat flux and net radiation over the snow/ice surface are 1.73 W/m^2,5.55 W/m^2 and 18.10 W/m^2,respectively.The melting rate of ice surface is(0.30±0.22)cm/d,which shows that the drifting ice is gaining heat and under rapidly melting.The average momentum flux over the ice surface is 0.098(kg·m/s)/(m^2·s).The momentum flux has a good correlation with the wind speed and the correlation coefficient reached 0.80.

关 键 词：北冰洋 湍流通量 辐射 反照率 参数化 

分 类 号：P433[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]