高黏度聚乳酸(PLA)熔体微分离心静电纺丝  

Melt differential centrifugal electrospinning of high viscosity PLA

作　　者：余韶阳 安瑛[1] 李守猛 王循 钟强 雷文龙 丁玉梅[1] 杨卫民[1] 李好义[1] YU Shaoyang;AN Ying;LI Shoumeng;WANG Xun;ZHONG Qiang;LEI Wenlong;DING Yumei;YANG Weimin;LI Haoyi(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China)

机构地区：[1]北京化工大学机电工程学院,北京100029

出　　处：《化工进展》2019年第3期1176-1181,共6页Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51603009);国家重点研发计划(2016YFB0302002)

摘　　要：离心纺丝已成为制备超细纤维的有效途径,将离心纺丝和静电纺丝结合起来的离心静电纺丝,纺丝效率高、纤维细度低。但是目前离心静电纺丝相关的研究十分有限,且主要涉及溶液离心静电纺丝。为了解决这一问题,本文设计了一种基于熔体微分的熔体离心静电纺丝装置,选取聚乳酸(PLA)作为研究对象,探究了挤出机转速和流量的关系,得出挤出机转速在20r/min、流量为1.6089g/min时纺丝效果最佳。研究了离心盘转速、纺丝电压等因素对纤维的影响,得出增加离心盘转速可大幅细化纤维直径,离心盘转速提高1倍,纤维直径减小77.26%;纺丝电压的加入不仅可以细化纤维直径,而且可以提高纤维的结晶度。结果表明:熔体微分离心静电纺丝可以高效制备PLA超细纤维,并且通过改变实验参数可以控制纤维特征,为离心静电纺丝产业化提供实验依据。Centrifugal spinning has become an efficient way to prepare superfine fibers. It combines centrifugal spinning with electrospinning which has advantages of high efficiency and small fiber diameter. However,the current research on centrifugal electrospinning is very limited. In order to solve this problem, a self-designed melt differential centrifugal electrospinning device was used to prepare PLA superfine fibers. Moreover the relationship between extruder speed and flow rate was investigated. It was found that when the extruder speed was 20r/min and the flow rate was 1.6089g/min, the spinning effect was the best. The effects of centrifugal disk rotation speed and spinning voltage on the fiber were studied. It was found that increasing the rotation speed of the centrifugal disk could refine the fiber diameter greatly. When the centrifugal disk rotation speed was increased by 1 times, the fiber diameter was reduced by 77.26%. The addition of the spinning voltage not only refined the fiber diameter, but also increased the crystallinity of the fiber. The results showed that the PLA superfine fibers could be prepared by melt differential centrifugal electrospinning efficiently, and the fibers characteristics could be controlled by changing the experimental parameters. This study provided an experimental basis for the industrialization of centrifugal electrospinning.

关 键 词：离心静电纺丝 纳米技术 离心纺丝 聚合物 超细纤维 

分 类 号：TQ340.14[化学工程—化纤工业]